Annual report
9978.TEDINET S100UUWM
Period2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31
Filed2024-11-28
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks24 of 24 passed
Amends S100K9AK.
Key figures · 144
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥21.3bn | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥24.4bn | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥27.4bn | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥30.0bn | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥32.2bn | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥414m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Operating income | −¥497m | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥358m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | −¥611m | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | −¥590m | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥128m | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | −¥73m | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥304m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | −¥4.1bn | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | ¥288m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | −¥4.0bn | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | −¥591m | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥24m | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | −¥332m | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥288m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Net income | −¥4.0bn | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Total assets | ¥11.0bn | at 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥12.0bn | at 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥21.0bn | at 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥25.2bn | at 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥24.1bn | at 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥10.2bn | at 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥16.2bn | at 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥732m | at 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | −¥4.2bn | at 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | −¥234m | at 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥438m | at 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥404m | at 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.6bn | at 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥662m | at 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.6bn | at 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥482m | at 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥280m | at 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥776m | at 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥370m | at 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥798m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥101m | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | −¥676m | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥3.2bn | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | −¥1.1bn | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | ¥337m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | ¥4.0bn | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | ¥287m | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥9m | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | ¥176m | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥29m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥3.9bn | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥104m | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥2.8bn | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥432m | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥19.99 | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-285.15 | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-42.62 | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥1.45 | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-24.13 | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥6.34 | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥1.42 | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-269.29 | at 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-356.58 | at 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-71.33 | at 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-25.03 | at 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-26.86 | at 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 6.7% | at 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | -35.3% | at 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | -1.1% | at 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 1.6% | at 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 1.6% | at 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -16.6% | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 6.2% | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -61.0% | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 210 | at 2020-08-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 242 | at 2019-08-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 265 | at 2018-08-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 312 | at 2017-08-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 328 | at 2016-08-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Revenue | ¥125m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Operating revenue1 |
| Revenue | ¥166m | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Operating revenue1 |
| Revenue | ¥193m | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥200m | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥220m | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | −¥13m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥24m | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | −¥9m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥17m | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | −¥25m | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥93m | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | −¥378m | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥287m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | −¥4.6bn | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income | ¥287m | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | −¥4.6bn | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | −¥909m | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥63m | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | −¥356m | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥1.1bn | at 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥801m | at 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥2.8bn | at 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥3.2bn | at 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥3.1bn | at 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥701m | at 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥5.3bn | at 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥407m | at 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | −¥4.5bn | at 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥48m | at 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥976m | at 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥909m | at 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥302m | at 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥3m | at 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| EPS (basic) | ¥19.9 | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-328.49 | 2018-09-01 → 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-65.37 | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥4.22 | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-25.88 | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥6.21 | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥4.13 | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-289.44 | at 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-379.78 | at 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-51.19 | at 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥14.35 | at 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥9.87 | at 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 36.7% | at 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | -566.6% | at 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 1.7% | at 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 30.3% | at 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 28.5% | at 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -13.9% | 2019-09-01 → 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -180.6% | 2017-09-01 → 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 6.8% | 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -32.6% | 2015-09-01 → 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 16,191,347 | at 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 16,016,715 | at 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 16,016,715 | at 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 16,016,715 | at 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 16,016,715 | at 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 4 | at 2020-08-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 4 | at 2019-08-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 4 | at 2018-08-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 4 | at 2017-08-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 5 | at 2016-08-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
All source rows · 1,596
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of shares held number of units individuals and others | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 67041 | |
| Number of shares held number of units total | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 161868 | |
| Number of shares held shares less than one unit | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 2290 | |
| Percentage of shareholdings national and local governments | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | － | |
| Percentage of shareholdings financial institutions | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 0.0414 | |
| Percentage of shareholdings financial service providers | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 0.0213 | |
| Percentage of shareholdings other corporations | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 0.5095 | |
| Percentage of shareholdings foreigners other than individuals | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 0.0131 | |
| Percentage of shareholdings foreign individuals | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 0.0005 | |
| Percentage of shareholdings individuals and others | CurrentYearInstant_OrdinaryShareMember | 0.4142 | |
| Number of shares constituting one unit | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | 1 | |
| Number of shareholders national and local governments | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders financial institutions | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders financial service providers | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders other corporations | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | 1 | |
| Number of shareholders foreign investors other than individuals | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders foreign individual investors | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders individuals and others | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders total | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | 1 | |
| Number of shares held number of units national and local governments | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units financial institutions | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units financial service providers | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units other corporations | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | 200 | |
| Number of shares held number of units foreign investors other than individuals | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units foreign individual investors | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units individuals and others | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units total | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | 200 | |
| Number of shares held shares less than one unit | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Percentage of shareholdings national and local governments | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Percentage of shareholdings financial institutions | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Percentage of shareholdings financial service providers | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Percentage of shareholdings other corporations | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | 1.0000 | |
| Percentage of shareholdings foreigners other than individuals | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Percentage of shareholdings foreign individuals | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Percentage of shareholdings individuals and others | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000BClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares constituting one unit | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | 1 | |
| Number of shareholders national and local governments | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders financial institutions | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders financial service providers | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders other corporations | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | 1 | |
| Number of shareholders foreign investors other than individuals | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders foreign individual investors | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders individuals and others | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shareholders total | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | 1 | |
| Number of shares held number of units national and local governments | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units financial institutions | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units financial service providers | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units other corporations | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | 200 | |
| Number of shares held number of units foreign investors other than individuals | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － | |
| Number of shares held number of units foreign individual investors | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E03221-000CClassifiedStockMember | － |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 24 of 24 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |