Annual report

Period2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31
Filed2023-06-26
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks24 of 24 passed
Key figures · 148
MetricValuePeriodScopeSource row
Revenue¥67.9bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Net sales
Revenue¥68.4bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Net sales
Revenue¥32.2bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥54.9bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥58.5bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Operating income¥14.4bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Operating income
Operating income¥11.4bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Operating income
Ordinary income¥12.9bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Ordinary income
Ordinary income¥10.4bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Ordinary income
Ordinary income¥1.4bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥12.0bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥10.9bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥12.6bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Income before income taxes
Profit before tax¥10.4bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Income before income taxes
Net income (owners)¥8.4bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent
Net income (owners)¥6.6bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent
Net income (owners)¥663m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥7.9bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥7.9bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income¥8.4bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Profit loss
Net income¥6.6bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Profit loss
Total assets¥106.8bnat 2023-03-31Cons.Assets
Total assets¥109.8bnat 2022-03-31Cons.Assets
Total assets¥104.9bnat 2021-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥91.5bnat 2020-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥76.4bnat 2019-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥54.0bnat 2023-03-31Cons.Liabilities
Total liabilities¥56.4bnat 2022-03-31Cons.Liabilities
Net assets / equity¥52.7bnat 2023-03-31Cons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥53.4bnat 2022-03-31Cons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥46.9bnat 2021-03-31dCons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥49.0bnat 2020-03-31dCons.Net assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥43.3bnat 2019-03-31dCons.Net assets (5-year summary)
Cash and deposits¥27.5bnat 2023-03-31Cons.Cash and deposits
Cash and deposits¥28.2bnat 2022-03-31Cons.Cash and deposits
Cash & equivalents¥27.5bnat 2023-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥28.2bnat 2022-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥19.9bnat 2021-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥29.3bnat 2020-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥22.1bnat 2019-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥8.7bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities
Operating cash flow¥15.4bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities
Operating cash flow−¥19.1bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥3.5bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥9.7bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow¥193m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investment activities
Investing cash flow−¥3.2bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investment activities
Investing cash flow−¥3.2bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥1.6bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow¥3.0bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥9.7bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities
Financing cash flow−¥3.9bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities
Financing cash flow¥12.9bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow¥5.2bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥11.3bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥269.722022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥180.972021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥18.122020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥207.892019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥188.092018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,842.43at 2023-03-31Cons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,459.56at 2022-03-31Cons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,278.46at 2021-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,291.22at 2020-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,126.72at 2019-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio49.4%at 2023-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio48.6%at 2022-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio44.7%at 2021-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio53.6%at 2020-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio56.7%at 2019-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE15.8%2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE13.2%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE1.4%2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE17.2%2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE17.2%2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Employees188at 2023-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees222at 2022-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees220at 2021-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Employees208at 2020-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Employees203at 2019-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Revenue¥64.9bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31StandaloneNet sales
Revenue¥67.3bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneNet sales
Revenue¥31.4bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥51.7bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥57.1bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Operating income¥15.2bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31StandaloneOperating income
Operating income¥12.5bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneOperating income
Ordinary income¥13.6bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥10.9bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥2.6bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥10.4bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥11.1bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥11.4bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Profit before tax¥11.2bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Net income¥7.0bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥6.9bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥2.9bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥6.9bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥14.4bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Total assets¥105.6bnat 2023-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥108.6bnat 2022-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥103.1bnat 2021-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥89.4bnat 2020-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥75.6bnat 2019-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥52.2bnat 2023-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Total liabilities¥53.1bnat 2022-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Net assets / equity¥53.4bnat 2023-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥55.5bnat 2022-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥48.6bnat 2021-03-31dStandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥48.6bnat 2020-03-31dStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥43.9bnat 2019-03-31dStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Cash and deposits¥26.7bnat 2023-03-31StandaloneCash and deposits
Cash and deposits¥27.5bnat 2022-03-31StandaloneCash and deposits
EPS (basic)¥227.032022-04-01 → 2023-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥189.622021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥78.782020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥180.462019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥343.192018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥552022-04-01 → 2023-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥372021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥42020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥452019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥452018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,868.69at 2023-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,516.24at 2022-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,326.42at 2021-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,278.93at 2020-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,142.33at 2019-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio50.6%at 2023-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio51.1%at 2022-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio47.2%at 2021-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio54.4%at 2020-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio58.1%at 2019-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE12.9%2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE13.3%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE5.9%2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE14.9%2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE33.5%2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Shares issued29,081,400at 2023-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued37,081,400at 2022-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued46,081,400at 2021-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued46,081,400at 2020-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued46,081,400at 2019-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Employees110at 2023-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees107at 2022-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees116at 2021-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees113at 2020-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees109at 2019-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees

Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.

Segments · 42
SegmentItemPeriodValue
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingrevenue2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31−¥105m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingrevenue intersegment2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31−¥105m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment profit2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31−¥745m
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentemployeesat 2023-03-3182 pure
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥2.1bn
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue external2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥2.1bn
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue intersegment2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥16m
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentsegment profit2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31−¥2.3bn
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentemployeesat 2023-03-3115 pure
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentrevenue2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥4.5bn
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentrevenue external2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥4.4bn
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentrevenue intersegment2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥89m
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentsegment profit2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥765m
Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentemployeesat 2023-03-3171 pure
Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥61.4bn
Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue external2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥61.4bn
Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentsegment profit2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥16.7bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥68.0bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue external2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥67.9bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue intersegment2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥105m
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalsegment profit2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31¥15.1bn
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingrevenue2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31−¥176m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingrevenue intersegment2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31−¥176m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment profit2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31−¥636m
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥1.6bn
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue external2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥1.5bn
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue intersegment2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥58m
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentsegment profit2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31−¥2.1bn
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentrevenue2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥5.1bn
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentrevenue external2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥5.0bn
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentrevenue intersegment2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥118m
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentsegment profit2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥1.1bn
Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥61.9bn
Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentrevenue external2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥61.9bn
Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentsegment profit2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥13.0bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥68.6bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue external2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥68.4bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue intersegment2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥176m
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalsegment profit2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31¥12.0bn
Future Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentemployeesat 2023-03-316 pure
Value Add Servicesreportable segmentemployeesat 2023-03-3115 pure
Value Creation Servicesreportable segmentemployeesat 2023-03-3169 pure

Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.

All source rows · 1,462
ItemContextValueUnit
Proceeds from sales of investment securities inv cfCurrentYearDuration100000000JPY
Purchase of investment securities inv cfPrior1YearDuration-100000000JPY
Purchase of investment securities inv cfCurrentYearDuration-JPY
Proceeds from sales of stocks of subsidiaries and affiliates inv cfPrior1YearDuration-JPY
Proceeds from sales of stocks of subsidiaries and affiliates inv cfCurrentYearDuration33000000JPY
Payments for investments in capital inv cfPrior1YearDuration-400000000JPY
Payments for investments in capital inv cfCurrentYearDuration-573000000JPY
Proceeds from withdrawal from golf course business inv cfPrior1YearDuration-JPY
Proceeds from withdrawal from golf course business inv cfCurrentYearDuration2050000000JPY
Payments of loans receivable inv cfPrior1YearDuration-536000000JPY
Payments of loans receivable inv cfCurrentYearDuration-575000000JPY
Collection of loans receivable inv cfPrior1YearDuration51000000JPY
Collection of loans receivable inv cfCurrentYearDuration19000000JPY
Proceeds from liquidation of associates inv cfPrior1YearDuration10000000JPY
Proceeds from liquidation of associates inv cfCurrentYearDuration-JPY
Other net inv cfPrior1YearDuration-28000000JPY
Other net inv cfCurrentYearDuration-69000000JPY
Net cash provided by used in investment activitiesPrior1YearDuration-3243000000JPY
Net cash provided by used in investment activitiesCurrentYearDuration193000000JPY
Proceeds from long term loans payable fin cfPrior1YearDuration33432000000JPY
Proceeds from long term loans payable fin cfCurrentYearDuration37335000000JPY
Repayment of long term loans payable fin cfPrior1YearDuration-37092000000JPY
Repayment of long term loans payable fin cfCurrentYearDuration-37735000000JPY
Purchase of treasury stock fin cfPrior1YearDuration-JPY
Purchase of treasury stock fin cfCurrentYearDuration-7824000000JPY
Cash dividends paid fin cfPrior1YearDuration-148000000JPY
Cash dividends paid fin cfCurrentYearDuration-1352000000JPY
Repayments of finance lease obligations fin cfPrior1YearDuration-154000000JPY
Repayments of finance lease obligations fin cfCurrentYearDuration-89000000JPY
Proceeds from share issuance to non controlling shareholders fin cfPrior1YearDuration15000000JPY
Proceeds from share issuance to non controlling shareholders fin cfCurrentYearDuration-JPY
Net cash provided by used in financing activitiesPrior1YearDuration-3946000000JPY
Net cash provided by used in financing activitiesCurrentYearDuration-9666000000JPY
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalentsPrior1YearDuration49000000JPY
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalentsCurrentYearDuration56000000JPY
Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalentsPrior1YearDuration8300000000JPY
Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalentsCurrentYearDuration-710000000JPY
Cash and cash equivalentsPrior2YearInstant19922000000JPY
Cash and cash equivalentsPrior1YearInstant28222000000JPY
Cash and cash equivalentsPrior1YearInstant28222000000JPY
Cash and cash equivalentsCurrentYearInstant27511000000JPY
Number of consolidated subsidiariesCurrentYearInstant12
Number of unconsolidated subsidiaries and associates accounted for using equity methodCurrentYearInstant-
Accumulated depreciation ppe by groupPrior1YearInstant-3773000000JPY
Accumulated depreciation ppe by groupCurrentYearInstant-3121000000JPY
Write downs of inventoriesPrior1YearDuration111000000JPY
Write downs of inventoriesCurrentYearDuration-JPY
Advertising expenses sgaPrior1YearDuration108000000JPY
Advertising expenses sgaCurrentYearDuration46000000JPY
Promotion expenses sgaPrior1YearDuration399000000JPY

Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.

Data checks · 24 of 24 passed
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2022-03-31pass rounding
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2023-03-31pass rounding
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2022-03-31pass
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2023-03-31pass rounding
dei present pass
period resolution pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2021-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2021-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2021-04-01/2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2022-04-01/2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2021-04-01/2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2022-04-01/2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2021-04-01/2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2022-04-01/2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2021-04-01/2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2022-04-01/2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2023-03-31pass