Annual report
8769.TEDINET S100W5D3
Period2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31
Filed2025-06-25
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks24 of 24 passed
Key figures · 148
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥8.6bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥7.0bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥6.4bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥5.8bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥5.5bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥1.0bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥726m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥1.0bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥738m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥535m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥363m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥731m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥789m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥740m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | ¥744m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥506m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥378m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥202m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥496m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥744m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥506m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Total assets | ¥8.7bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥6.5bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥6.0bn | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.7bn | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.9bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥4.8bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥2.6bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥4.0bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥4.0bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥3.6bn | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥3.4bn | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥3.7bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.7bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.4bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.7bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.4bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.3bn | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥718m | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥2.8bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥1.7bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥1.3bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥932m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥579m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥713m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥2.3bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥948m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥219m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥2.1bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥773m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥860m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥183m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥170m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥469m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥166m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥46.13 | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥30.3 | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥22.64 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥12.07 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥29.25 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥249.02 | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥235.44 | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥215.14 | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥202.42 | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥214.45 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 44.8% | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 60.0% | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 60.2% | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 59.4% | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 62.1% | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 19.0% | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 13.4% | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 10.8% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 5.8% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 14.3% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 519 | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 439 | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 391 | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 373 | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 348 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Revenue | ¥7.5bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥6.9bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥6.4bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥5.8bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥5.5bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥920m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥753m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥931m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥766m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥557m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥351m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥725m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥667m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥768m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income | ¥662m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥535m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥381m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥191m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥492m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥8.3bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥6.3bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥5.9bn | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.6bn | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.8bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥4.5bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥2.4bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥3.9bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥4.0bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥3.6bn | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥3.4bn | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥3.7bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥924m | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.2bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| EPS (basic) | ¥41.02 | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥32.09 | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥22.84 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥11.44 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥28.99 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥16 | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥12 | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥10 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥10 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥10 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥243.01 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥234.73 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥212.63 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥199.72 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥212.41 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 45.7% | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 61.8% | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 59.9% | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 59.1% | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 61.8% | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 17.1% | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 14.3% | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 11.1% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 5.5% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 14.3% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 16,280,200 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 17,280,200 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 17,280,200 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 17,280,200 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 17,280,200 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 433 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 419 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 383 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 365 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 340 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
Segments · 12
| Segment | Item | Period | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | capex | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥2.1bn |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | depreciation | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥751m |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | revenue | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥8.6bn |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | revenue external | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥8.6bn |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | segment assets | at 2025-03-31 | ¥6.5bn |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | segment profit | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥1.8bn |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | capex | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥943m |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | depreciation | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥609m |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | revenue | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥7.0bn |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | revenue external | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥7.0bn |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | segment assets | at 2024-03-31 | ¥4.2bn |
| Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment total | segment profit | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥1.4bn |
Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.
All source rows · 1,463
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Telephone number nearest place of contact cover page | FilingDateInstant | ０３－５７９４－３８００ | |
| Name of contact person nearest place of contact cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)取締役 上席執行役員 天田 貴之 | |
| Place for public inspection cover page (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Edinet code | FilingDateInstant | E05648 | |
| Fund code | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Security code | FilingDateInstant | 87690 | |
| Filer name in japanese | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)株式会社アドバンテッジリスクマネジメント | |
| Filer name in english | FilingDateInstant | Advantage Risk Management Co., Ltd. | |
| Fund name in japanese | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Fund name in english | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Cabinet office ordinance | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)企業内容等の開示に関する内閣府令 | |
| Document type | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)第三号様式 | |
| Accounting standards | FilingDateInstant | Japan GAAP | |
| Whether consolidated financial statements are prepared | FilingDateInstant | true | |
| Industry code when consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with industry specific regulations | FilingDateInstant | CTE | |
| Industry code when financial statements are prepared in accordance with industry specific regulations | FilingDateInstant | CTE | |
| Current fiscal year start date | FilingDateInstant | 2024-04-01 | |
| Current period end date | FilingDateInstant | 2025-03-31 | |
| Type of current period | FilingDateInstant | FY | |
| Current fiscal year end date | FilingDateInstant | 2025-03-31 | |
| Previous fiscal year start date | FilingDateInstant | 2023-04-01 | |
| Comparative period end date | FilingDateInstant | 2024-03-31 | |
| Previous fiscal year end date | FilingDateInstant | 2024-03-31 | |
| Next fiscal year start date | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| End date of quarterly or semi annual period of next fiscal year | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Amendment flag | FilingDateInstant | false | |
| Identification of document subject to amendment | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Report amendment flag | FilingDateInstant | false | |
| Xbrl amendment flag | FilingDateInstant | false | |
| Business results of group (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Business results of reporting company (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Company history (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Description of business (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Overview of affiliated entities (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Information about employees (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Business policy business environment issues to address etc (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Disclosure of sustainability related financial information (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Governance (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Strategy (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Policy on development of human resources and internal environment strategy (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Risk management (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Metrics and targets (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Description of metrics related to policy on development of human resources and internal environment and targets and performance using such metrics metrics and targets (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Metrics description of metrics related to policy on development of human resources and internal environment and targets and performance using such metrics | CurrentYearInstant_Row1Member | Original text (Japanese)ワークエンゲージメント（偏差値） | |
| Metrics description of metrics related to policy on development of human resources and internal environment and targets and performance using such metrics | CurrentYearInstant_Row2Member | Original text (Japanese)エンプロイーエンゲージメント（偏差値） | |
| Metrics description of metrics related to policy on development of human resources and internal environment and targets and performance using such metrics | CurrentYearInstant_Row3Member | Original text (Japanese)離職率 | |
| Metrics unit description of metrics related to policy on development of human resources and internal environment and targets and performance using such metrics | CurrentYearInstant_Row3Member | % | |
| Metrics description of metrics related to policy on development of human resources and internal environment and targets and performance using such metrics | CurrentYearInstant_Row4Member | Original text (Japanese)ダイバーシティへの対応（偏差値） | |
| Metrics description of metrics related to policy on development of human resources and internal environment and targets and performance using such metrics | CurrentYearInstant_Row5Member | Original text (Japanese)女性管理職比率（課長級以上） | |
| Metrics unit description of metrics related to policy on development of human resources and internal environment and targets and performance using such metrics | CurrentYearInstant_Row5Member | % |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 24 of 24 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |