Annual report

Period2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31
Filed2022-06-24
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks20 of 20 passed
Key figures · 140
MetricValuePeriodScopeSource row
Ordinary income¥5.2bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Ordinary income
Ordinary income¥2.5bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Ordinary income
Ordinary income¥2.6bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥2.0bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥4.9bn2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥4.6bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Income before income taxes
Profit before tax¥2.2bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Income before income taxes
Net income (owners)¥4.2bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent
Net income (owners)¥1.8bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent
Net income (owners)¥1.2bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥1.1bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥3.0bn2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income¥4.2bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Profit loss
Net income¥1.8bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Profit loss
Total assets¥2.96Tat 2022-03-31Cons.Assets
Total assets¥2.70Tat 2021-03-31Cons.Assets
Total assets¥2.38Tat 2020-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥2.40Tat 2019-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥2.42Tat 2018-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥2.86Tat 2022-03-31Cons.Liabilities
Total liabilities¥2.59Tat 2021-03-31Cons.Liabilities
Net assets / equity¥104.1bnat 2022-03-31Cons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥112.3bnat 2021-03-31Cons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥105.3bnat 2020-03-31dCons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥110.5bnat 2019-03-31dCons.Net assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥109.4bnat 2018-03-31dCons.Net assets (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥520.0bnat 2022-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥335.0bnat 2021-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥192.2bnat 2020-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥216.7bnat 2019-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥154.4bnat 2018-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥220.0bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities
Operating cash flow¥174.2bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities
Operating cash flow−¥54.2bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow−¥39.5bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥86.2bn2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥34.7bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investment activities
Investing cash flow−¥31.0bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investment activities
Investing cash flow¥30.1bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow¥102.2bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥10.3bn2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥424m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities
Financing cash flow−¥416m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities
Financing cash flow−¥412m2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥434m2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥452m2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥51.32021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥21.332020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥14.772019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥13.132018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥36.542017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥15.212021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥6.282020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥4.582019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥4.982018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥16.632017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dCons.Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥837.32at 2022-03-31Cons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥936.75at 2021-03-31Cons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥851.79at 2020-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥914.31at 2019-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥901.77at 2018-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio3.5%at 2022-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio4.2%at 2021-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio4.4%at 2020-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio4.6%at 2019-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio4.5%at 2018-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE3.9%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE1.6%2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE1.1%2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE1.0%2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE2.8%2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Employees1,421at 2022-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees1,467at 2021-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees1,526at 2020-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Employees1,607at 2019-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Employees1,660at 2018-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Ordinary income¥5.1bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥2.1bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥2.3bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥1.8bn2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥4.4bn2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥4.5bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Profit before tax¥5.3bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Net income¥4.2bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥5.0bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥1.0bn2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥936m2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥2.7bn2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Total assets¥2.96Tat 2022-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥2.70Tat 2021-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥2.38Tat 2020-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥2.40Tat 2019-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥2.42Tat 2018-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥2.86Tat 2022-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Total liabilities¥2.59Tat 2021-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Net assets / equity¥102.6bnat 2022-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥111.0bnat 2021-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥102.2bnat 2020-03-31dStandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥106.7bnat 2019-03-31dStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥105.7bnat 2018-03-31dStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥50.752021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥60.312020-04-01 → 2021-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥12.232019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥11.342018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥32.982017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥15.052021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥17.772020-04-01 → 2021-03-31StandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥3.792019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥4.32018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥15.022017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dStandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥52021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥52020-04-01 → 2021-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥52019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥52018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥52017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥819.34at 2022-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥920.97at 2021-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥814.1at 2020-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥868.76at 2019-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥856.22at 2018-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio3.5%at 2022-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio4.1%at 2021-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio4.3%at 2020-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio4.4%at 2019-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio4.4%at 2018-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE3.9%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE4.7%2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE1.0%2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE0.9%2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE2.6%2017-04-01 → 2018-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Shares issued82,553,000at 2022-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued82,553,000at 2021-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued82,553,000at 2020-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued82,553,000at 2019-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued82,553,000at 2018-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Employees1,368at 2022-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees1,415at 2021-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees1,448at 2020-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees1,524at 2019-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees1,576at 2018-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees

Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.

Segments · 34
SegmentItemPeriodValue
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsemployeesat 2022-03-3153 pure
Bankingreportable segmentemployeesat 2022-03-311368 pure
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentscapex2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥0
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsdepreciation2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥0
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsrevenue external2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥129m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsrevenue intersegment2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥496m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentssegment assetsat 2021-03-31¥904m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentssegment ordinary income2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥63m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingrevenue intersegment2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31−¥1.4bn
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment assetsat 2021-03-31¥42m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment ordinary income2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31−¥272m
Bankingreportable segmentcapex2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥1.2bn
Bankingreportable segmentdepreciation2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥2.1bn
Bankingreportable segmentrevenue external2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥35.3bn
Bankingreportable segmentrevenue intersegment2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥312m
Bankingreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2021-03-31¥2.70T
Bankingreportable segmentsegment ordinary income2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥2.1bn
Credit Guarantee Credit Administration Consigneereportable segmentcapex2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥2m
Credit Guarantee Credit Administration Consigneereportable segmentdepreciation2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥17m
Credit Guarantee Credit Administration Consigneereportable segmentrevenue external2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥401m
Credit Guarantee Credit Administration Consigneereportable segmentrevenue intersegment2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥605m
Credit Guarantee Credit Administration Consigneereportable segmentsegment ordinary income2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥548m
—segment totalcapex2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥1.2bn
—segment totaldepreciation2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥2.1bn
—segment totalrevenue external2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥35.7bn
—segment totalrevenue intersegment2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥918m
—segment totalsegment assetsat 2021-03-31¥2.70T
—segment totalsegment ordinary income2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥2.7bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalcapex2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥1.2bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totaldepreciation2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥2.1bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue external2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥35.8bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue intersegment2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥1.4bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalsegment assetsat 2021-03-31¥2.70T
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalsegment ordinary income2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31¥2.7bn

Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.

All source rows · 1,930
ItemContextValueUnit
Proceeds from sales of property plant and equipment inv cfPrior1YearDuration286000000JPY
Proceeds from sales of property plant and equipment inv cfCurrentYearDuration275000000JPY
Proceeds from sales of investments in subsidiaries resulting in change in scope of consolidation inv cfPrior1YearDuration5649000000JPY
Proceeds from sales of investments in subsidiaries resulting in change in scope of consolidation inv cfCurrentYearDuration-JPY
Net cash provided by used in investment activitiesPrior1YearDuration-30956000000JPY
Net cash provided by used in investment activitiesCurrentYearDuration-34663000000JPY
Cash dividends paid fin cfPrior1YearDuration-416000000JPY
Cash dividends paid fin cfCurrentYearDuration-412000000JPY
Purchase of treasury stock fin cfPrior1YearDuration-0JPY
Purchase of treasury stock fin cfCurrentYearDuration-11000000JPY
Net cash provided by used in financing activitiesPrior1YearDuration-416000000JPY
Net cash provided by used in financing activitiesCurrentYearDuration-424000000JPY
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalentsPrior1YearDuration0JPY
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalentsCurrentYearDuration0JPY
Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalentsPrior1YearDuration142809000000JPY
Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalentsCurrentYearDuration184910000000JPY
Cash and cash equivalentsPrior2YearInstant192236000000JPY
Cash and cash equivalentsPrior1YearInstant335045000000JPY
Cash and cash equivalentsPrior1YearInstant335045000000JPY
Cash and cash equivalentsCurrentYearInstant519956000000JPY
Number of consolidated subsidiariesCurrentYearInstant3
Accumulated depreciation ppe by groupPrior1YearInstant-18309000000JPY
Accumulated depreciation ppe by groupCurrentYearInstant-18793000000JPY
Revenues from external customersPrior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E03552-000BankingReportableSegmentsMember35261000000JPY
Revenues from external customersPrior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E03552-000CreditGuaranteeCreditAdministrationConsigneeReportableSegmentsMember401000000JPY
Revenues from external customersPrior1YearDuration_ReportableSegmentsMember35662000000JPY
Revenues from external customersPrior1YearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember129000000JPY
Revenues from external customersPrior1YearDuration_TotalOfReportableSegmentsAndOthersMember35791000000JPY
Revenues from external customersPrior1YearDuration_ReconcilingItemsMember-JPY
Revenues from external customersPrior1YearDuration35791000000JPY
Transactions with other segmentsPrior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E03552-000BankingReportableSegmentsMember312000000JPY
Transactions with other segmentsPrior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E03552-000CreditGuaranteeCreditAdministrationConsigneeReportableSegmentsMember605000000JPY
Transactions with other segmentsPrior1YearDuration_ReportableSegmentsMember918000000JPY
Transactions with other segmentsPrior1YearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember496000000JPY
Transactions with other segmentsPrior1YearDuration_TotalOfReportableSegmentsAndOthersMember1414000000JPY
Transactions with other segmentsPrior1YearDuration_ReconcilingItemsMember-1414000000JPY
Transactions with other segmentsPrior1YearDuration-JPY
Ordinary income bnkPrior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E03552-000BankingReportableSegmentsMember35573000000JPY
Ordinary income bnkPrior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E03552-000CreditGuaranteeCreditAdministrationConsigneeReportableSegmentsMember1006000000JPY
Ordinary income bnkPrior1YearDuration_ReportableSegmentsMember36580000000JPY
Ordinary income bnkPrior1YearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember625000000JPY
Ordinary income bnkPrior1YearDuration_TotalOfReportableSegmentsAndOthersMember37206000000JPY
Ordinary income bnkPrior1YearDuration_ReconcilingItemsMember-1414000000JPY
Ordinary income bnkPrior1YearDuration35791000000JPY
Ordinary incomePrior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E03552-000BankingReportableSegmentsMember2128000000JPY
Ordinary incomePrior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E03552-000CreditGuaranteeCreditAdministrationConsigneeReportableSegmentsMember548000000JPY
Ordinary incomePrior1YearDuration_ReportableSegmentsMember2677000000JPY
Ordinary incomePrior1YearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember63000000JPY
Ordinary incomePrior1YearDuration_TotalOfReportableSegmentsAndOthersMember2740000000JPY
Ordinary incomePrior1YearDuration_ReconcilingItemsMember-272000000JPY

Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.

Data checks · 20 of 20 passed
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2021-03-31pass rounding
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2022-03-31pass
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2021-03-31pass rounding
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2022-03-31pass
dei present pass
period resolution pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2020-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2021-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2020-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2021-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2020-04-01/2021-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2021-04-01/2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2020-04-01/2021-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2021-04-01/2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2021-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2022-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2021-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2022-03-31pass