Annual report
7031.TEDINET S100RAHT
Period2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31
Filed2023-06-30
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks23 of 23 passed
Key figures · 120
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥3.3bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥2.8bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Operating income | ¥395m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥291m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥390m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥289m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Profit before tax | ¥389m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥289m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | ¥254m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥183m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income | ¥269m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥188m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Total assets | ¥4.0bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥3.8bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total liabilities | ¥1.3bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥1.5bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥2.6bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥2.4bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.6bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets |
| Cash and deposits | ¥2.0bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.7bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥2.0bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.7bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.6bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Operating cash flow | ¥652m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥234m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥129m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥1.0bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥136m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | ¥872m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| EPS (basic) | ¥97.32 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥70.51 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥92.84 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥67.33 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥799.74 | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥702.44 | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 52.5% | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 47.9% | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 12.2% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 10.0% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 77 | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 64 | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Revenue | ¥2.8bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥2.6bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥2.0bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥3.0bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥3.0bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥344m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥285m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥340m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥282m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥268m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥211m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥50m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥339m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥282m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income | ¥216m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥183m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥179m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥141m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥20m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥3.3bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥3.3bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥2.1bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥910m | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥750m | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥1.3bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥1.4bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥2.1bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.8bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.6bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥454m | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥314m | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.7bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.4bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.6bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥514m | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥273m | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥230m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥291m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | −¥124m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥94m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥7m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥39m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥918m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥42m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥159m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥82.63 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥70.66 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥83.43 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥70.86 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥9.92 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥78.83 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥67.47 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥77.52 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥785.2 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥702.59 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥638.22 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥228.12 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥157.27 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 61.7% | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 56.4% | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 79.7% | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 49.9% | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 41.7% | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 10.5% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 10.0% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 11.0% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 36.8% | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 6.5% | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 2,614,800 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 871,600 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 854,100 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 663,000 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 663,000 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 59 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 49 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 34 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 31 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 29 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
Segments · 52
| Segment | Item | Period | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | capex | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥531,000 |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | depreciation | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥664,000 |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | revenue | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | −¥1m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | revenue intersegment | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | −¥1m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment assets | at 2023-03-31 | ¥2.1bn |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment profit | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | −¥432m |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | capex | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥103m |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | depreciation | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥82m |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 56 pure |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | revenue | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥2.4bn |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | revenue external | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥2.4bn |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | revenue intersegment | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥1m |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | segment assets | at 2023-03-31 | ¥1.7bn |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | segment profit | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥536m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | depreciation | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥6m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 9 pure |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | revenue | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥941m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | revenue external | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥941m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | segment assets | at 2023-03-31 | ¥137m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | segment profit | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥290m |
| —segment total | capex | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥103m |
| —segment total | depreciation | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥88m |
| —segment total | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 65 pure |
| —segment total | revenue | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥3.3bn |
| —segment total | revenue external | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥3.3bn |
| —segment total | revenue intersegment | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥1m |
| —segment total | segment assets | at 2023-03-31 | ¥1.8bn |
| —segment total | segment profit | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥826m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | depreciation | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥418,000 |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment assets | at 2022-03-31 | ¥1.8bn |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment profit | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | −¥337m |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | capex | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥491m |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | depreciation | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥32m |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | revenue | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥1.9bn |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | revenue external | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥1.9bn |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | segment assets | at 2022-03-31 | ¥1.8bn |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | segment profit | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥457m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | capex | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥6m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | depreciation | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥7m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | revenue | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥886m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | revenue external | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥886m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | segment assets | at 2022-03-31 | ¥179m |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | segment profit | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥172m |
| —segment total | capex | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥497m |
| —segment total | depreciation | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥39m |
| —segment total | revenue | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥2.8bn |
| —segment total | revenue external | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥2.8bn |
| —segment total | segment assets | at 2022-03-31 | ¥2.0bn |
| —segment total | segment profit | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥628m |
| Multilingual CRMreportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 38 pure |
| Sales Outsourcing Businessreportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 9 pure |
| —segment total | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 47 pure |
Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.
All source rows · 1,237
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Filing date cover page | FilingDateInstant | 2023-06-30 | |
| Fiscal year cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)第８期（自 2022年４月１日 至 2023年３月31日） | |
| Company name cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)株式会社インバウンドテック | |
| Company name in english cover page | FilingDateInstant | Inbound Tech Inc. | |
| Title and name of representative cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)代表取締役 社長執行役員 東間 大 | |
| Address of registered headquarter cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)東京都新宿区新宿二丁目３番13号 大橋ビル | |
| Telephone number address of registered headquarter cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)03-6274-8400（代表） | |
| Name of contact person address of registered headquarter cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)取締役CFO 専務執行役員 管理本部長 金子 将之 | |
| Nearest place of contact cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)東京都新宿区新宿二丁目３番13号 大橋ビル | |
| Telephone number nearest place of contact cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)03-6274-8400（代表） | |
| Name of contact person nearest place of contact cover page | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)取締役CFO 専務執行役員 管理本部長 金子 将之 | |
| Place for public inspection cover page (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Edinet code | FilingDateInstant | E34070 | |
| Fund code | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Security code | FilingDateInstant | 70310 | |
| Filer name in japanese | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)株式会社インバウンドテック | |
| Filer name in english | FilingDateInstant | Inbound Tech Inc. | |
| Fund name in japanese | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Fund name in english | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Cabinet office ordinance | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)企業内容等の開示に関する内閣府令 | |
| Document type | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)第三号様式 | |
| Accounting standards | FilingDateInstant | Japan GAAP | |
| Whether consolidated financial statements are prepared | FilingDateInstant | true | |
| Industry code when consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with industry specific regulations | FilingDateInstant | CTE | |
| Industry code when financial statements are prepared in accordance with industry specific regulations | FilingDateInstant | CTE | |
| Current fiscal year start date | FilingDateInstant | 2022-04-01 | |
| Current period end date | FilingDateInstant | 2023-03-31 | |
| Type of current period | FilingDateInstant | FY | |
| Current fiscal year end date | FilingDateInstant | 2023-03-31 | |
| Previous fiscal year start date | FilingDateInstant | 2021-04-01 | |
| Comparative period end date | FilingDateInstant | 2022-03-31 | |
| Previous fiscal year end date | FilingDateInstant | 2022-03-31 | |
| Next fiscal year start date | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| End date of quarterly or semi annual period of next fiscal year | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Amendment flag | FilingDateInstant | false | |
| Identification of document subject to amendment | FilingDateInstant | － | |
| Report amendment flag | FilingDateInstant | false | |
| Xbrl amendment flag | FilingDateInstant | false | |
| Business results of group (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Business results of reporting company (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Company history (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Description of business (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Overview of affiliated entities (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Information about employees (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Business policy business environment issues to address etc (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Disclosure of sustainability related financial information (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Governance (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Strategy (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Policy on human resource development and improvement of internal environment strategy (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Risk management (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 23 of 23 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |