Annual report

Period2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31
Filed2026-06-18
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks24 of 24 passed
Key figures · 151
MetricValuePeriodScopeSource row
Revenue¥29.2bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Net sales
Revenue¥20.1bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net sales
Revenue¥18.1bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥17.8bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥19.2bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Operating income¥5.5bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Operating income
Operating income¥2.8bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Operating income
Ordinary income¥5.4bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Ordinary income
Ordinary income¥2.7bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Ordinary income
Ordinary income¥2.2bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥1.9bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥1.8bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥5.3bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Income before income taxes
Profit before tax¥2.7bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Income before income taxes
Net income (owners)¥3.8bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent
Net income (owners)¥2.0bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent
Net income (owners)¥2.1bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥1.8bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥1.6bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income¥3.8bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Profit loss
Net income¥2.0bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Profit loss
Total assets¥36.1bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Assets
Total assets¥26.9bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Assets
Total assets¥27.5bnat 2024-03-31vCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥24.0bnat 2023-03-31vCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥23.1bnat 2022-03-31vCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥20.0bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Liabilities
Total liabilities¥13.0bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Liabilities
Net assets / equity¥16.1bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥14.0bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥14.3bnat 2024-03-31vCons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥12.2bnat 2023-03-31vCons.Net assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥10.8bnat 2022-03-31vCons.Net assets (5-year summary)
Cash and deposits¥1.0bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Cash and deposits
Cash and deposits¥1.9bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Cash and deposits
Cash & equivalents¥1.0bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥1.9bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥2.3bnat 2024-03-31vCons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥2.1bnat 2023-03-31vCons.Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥3.0bnat 2022-03-31vCons.Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow−¥3.6bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities
Operating cash flow¥2.1bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities
Operating cash flow−¥206m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow−¥860m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥3.4bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥864m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investment activities
Investing cash flow−¥471m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investment activities
Investing cash flow−¥517m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow¥151m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥263m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow¥3.6bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities
Financing cash flow−¥2.1bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities
Financing cash flow¥956m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥230m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥2.3bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥253.572025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥124.372024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥131.862023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥128.22022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥115.042021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥121.242022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥96.322021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,088.98at 2026-03-31Cons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥906.97at 2025-03-31Cons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥856.9at 2024-03-31vCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥734.55at 2023-03-31vCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥673.94at 2022-03-31vCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio44.6%at 2026-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio51.9%at 2025-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio52.0%at 2024-03-31vCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio50.8%at 2023-03-31vCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio46.7%at 2022-03-31vCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE25.4%2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE13.9%2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE16.2%2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE15.9%2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE15.4%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Employees763at 2026-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees701at 2025-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees657at 2024-03-31vCons.Number of employees
Employees657at 2023-03-31vCons.Number of employees
Employees659at 2022-03-31vCons.Number of employees
Revenue¥29.2bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneNet sales
Revenue¥20.1bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneNet sales
Revenue¥18.0bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥17.7bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥19.2bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Operating income¥5.3bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneOperating income
Operating income¥2.6bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneOperating income
Ordinary income¥5.1bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥2.5bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥2.0bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥2.0bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥1.8bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥5.1bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Profit before tax¥2.5bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Net income¥3.6bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥1.8bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥1.9bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥1.9bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥1.6bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Total assets¥35.5bnat 2026-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥26.9bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥27.5bnat 2024-03-31vStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥24.2bnat 2023-03-31vStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥22.7bnat 2022-03-31vStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥20.8bnat 2026-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Total liabilities¥13.7bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Net assets / equity¥14.7bnat 2026-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥13.2bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥13.5bnat 2024-03-31vStandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥11.7bnat 2023-03-31vStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥9.8bnat 2022-03-31vStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Cash and deposits¥991mat 2026-03-31StandaloneCash and deposits
Cash and deposits¥1.9bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneCash and deposits
EPS (basic)¥240.632025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥114.522024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥117.952023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥132.362022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥115.52021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥125.182022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥96.712021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥102025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥62024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥302023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥302022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥995.9at 2026-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥856.81at 2025-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥808.24at 2024-03-31vStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥705.87at 2023-03-31vStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥607.96at 2022-03-31vStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio41.4%at 2026-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio49.0%at 2025-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio49.0%at 2024-03-31vStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio48.4%at 2023-03-31vStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio43.2%at 2022-03-31vStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE26.0%2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE13.6%2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE15.3%2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE17.4%2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE17.2%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Shares issued16,764,000at 2026-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued16,764,000at 2025-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued3,352,000at 2024-03-31vStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued3,651,000at 2023-03-31vStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued4,073,000at 2022-03-31vStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Employees667at 2026-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees612at 2025-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees576at 2024-03-31vStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees578at 2023-03-31vStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees578at 2022-03-31vStandaloneNumber of employees

Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.

Segments · 42
SegmentItemPeriodValue
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingrevenue2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31−¥173m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingrevenue intersegment2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31−¥173m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥5.0bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentdepreciation2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥360m
Government Systemsreportable segmentemployeesat 2026-03-31521 pure
Government Systemsreportable segmentrevenue2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥23.9bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentrevenue external2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥23.9bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥27.4bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentsegment profit2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥5.1bn
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentdepreciation2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥119m
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentemployeesat 2026-03-31141 pure
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentrevenue2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥5.5bn
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentrevenue external2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥5.3bn
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentrevenue intersegment2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥173m
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥3.7bn
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentsegment profit2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥419m
—segment totaldepreciation2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥479m
—segment totalemployeesat 2026-03-31662 pure
—segment totalrevenue2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥29.4bn
—segment totalrevenue external2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥29.2bn
—segment totalrevenue intersegment2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥173m
—segment totalsegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥31.0bn
—segment totalsegment profit2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥5.5bn
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥5.2bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentdepreciation2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥379m
Government Systemsreportable segmentrevenue2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥16.0bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥16.0bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥18.6bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥3.0bn
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentdepreciation2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥98m
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentrevenue2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥4.1bn
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥4.1bn
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥3.1bn
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31−¥250m
—segment totaldepreciation2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥478m
—segment totalrevenue2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥20.1bn
—segment totalrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥20.1bn
—segment totalsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥21.8bn
—segment totalsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥2.8bn
Government Systemsreportable segmentemployeesat 2026-03-31425 pure
Industrial Electronic Productsreportable segmentemployeesat 2026-03-31141 pure
—segment totalemployeesat 2026-03-31566 pure

Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.

All source rows · 1,374
ItemContextValueUnit
Independent auditors report consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Audit firm1 consolidatedFilingDateInstant
Original text (Japanese)EY新日本有限責任監査法人
Cpa1 audit firm1 consolidatedFilingDateInstant
Original text (Japanese)三 木 康 弘
Cpa2 audit firm1 consolidatedFilingDateInstant
Original text (Japanese)諸 冨 英 之
Audit opinion consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Key audit matters consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Overview kam consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Short description kam consolidatedFilingDateInstant_Row1Member
Original text (Japanese)一定の期間にわたり履行義務を充足する契約における収益認識
Description including reason kam consolidated (text)FilingDateInstant_Row1MemberText · Plus
Reference kam consolidatedFilingDateInstant_Row1MemberText · Plus
Auditors response kam consolidated (text)FilingDateInstant_Row1MemberText · Plus
Other information consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Fee related information consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Independent auditors report non consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Audit firm1 non consolidatedFilingDateInstant
Original text (Japanese)EY新日本有限責任監査法人
Cpa1 audit firm1 non consolidatedFilingDateInstant
Original text (Japanese)三 木 康 弘
Cpa2 audit firm1 non consolidatedFilingDateInstant
Original text (Japanese)諸 冨 英 之
Audit opinion non consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Key audit matters non consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Overview kam non consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Short description kam non consolidatedFilingDateInstant_Row1Member
Original text (Japanese)一定の期間にわたり履行義務を充足する契約における収益認識
Same as kam for consolidated fskam non consolidated (text)FilingDateInstant_Row1MemberText · Plus
Reference kam non consolidatedFilingDateInstant_Row1Member
Original text (Japanese)注記事項(重要な会計方針)5.収益及び費用の計上基準及び注記事項(重要な会計上の見積り)
Other information non consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Fee related information non consolidated (text)FilingDateInstantText · Plus
Number of submissionFilingDateInstant1
Net sales (5-year summary)Prior4YearDuration19230000000JPY
Net sales (5-year summary)Prior3YearDuration17754000000JPY
Net sales (5-year summary)Prior2YearDuration18055000000JPY
Net sales (5-year summary)Prior1YearDuration20122000000JPY
Net sales (5-year summary)CurrentYearDuration29194000000JPY
Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)Prior4YearDuration1805000000JPY
Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)Prior3YearDuration1925000000JPY
Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)Prior2YearDuration2152000000JPY
Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)Prior1YearDuration2711000000JPY
Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)CurrentYearDuration5358000000JPY
Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)Prior4YearDuration1625000000JPY
Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)Prior3YearDuration1820000000JPY
Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)Prior2YearDuration2149000000JPY
Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)Prior1YearDuration1964000000JPY
Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)CurrentYearDuration3820000000JPY
Comprehensive income (5-year summary)Prior4YearDuration1432000000JPY
Comprehensive income (5-year summary)Prior3YearDuration1404000000JPY
Comprehensive income (5-year summary)Prior2YearDuration2279000000JPY
Comprehensive income (5-year summary)Prior1YearDuration1737000000JPY
Comprehensive income (5-year summary)CurrentYearDuration4231000000JPY
Net assets (5-year summary)Prior4YearInstant10765000000JPY
Net assets (5-year summary)Prior3YearInstant12170000000JPY
Net assets (5-year summary)Prior2YearInstant14305000000JPY
Net assets (5-year summary)Prior1YearInstant13958000000JPY

Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.

Data checks · 24 of 24 passed
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2025-03-31pass rounding
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2026-03-31pass rounding
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass rounding
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2026-03-31pass
dei present pass
period resolution pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2025-04-01/2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2025-04-01/2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2025-04-01/2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2025-04-01/2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2026-03-31pass