Annual report

Period2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31
Filed2026-06-25
StandardIFRS
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks21 of 21 passed
Key figures · 146
MetricValuePeriodScopeSource row
Revenue¥15.9bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Revenue IFRS
Revenue¥15.7bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Revenue IFRS
Revenue¥15.7bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Revenue IFRS (5-year summary)
Revenue¥15.7bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Revenue IFRS (5-year summary)
Revenue¥16.0bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Revenue IFRS (5-year summary)
Operating income¥676m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Operating profit loss IFRS
Operating income¥340m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Operating profit loss IFRS
Profit before tax¥612m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Profit loss before tax IFRS
Profit before tax¥59m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Profit loss before tax IFRS
Profit before tax¥5m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Profit loss before tax IFRS (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥341m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Profit loss before tax IFRS (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥481m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Profit loss before tax IFRS (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥578m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS
Net income (owners)¥81m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS
Net income (owners)−¥53m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥305m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥392m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Net income¥578m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Profit loss IFRS
Net income¥81m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Profit loss IFRS
Total assets¥10.6bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Assets IFRS
Total assets¥10.8bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Assets IFRS
Total assets¥11.9bnat 2024-03-31vCons.Total assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Total assets¥11.0bnat 2023-03-31vCons.Total assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Total assets¥10.1bnat 2022-03-31vCons.Total assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥6.5bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Liabilities IFRS
Total liabilities¥7.3bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Liabilities IFRS
Net assets / equity¥4.1bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Equity IFRS
Net assets / equity¥3.6bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Equity IFRS
Net assets / equity¥3.6bnat 2024-03-31vCons.Equity IFRS
Equity (owners)¥4.1bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS
Equity (owners)¥3.6bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS
Equity (owners)¥3.6bnat 2024-03-31vCons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity (owners)¥3.1bnat 2023-03-31vCons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity (owners)¥2.5bnat 2022-03-31vCons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥2.2bnat 2026-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS
Cash & equivalents¥1.6bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS
Cash & equivalents¥1.2bnat 2024-03-31vCons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS
Cash & equivalents¥1.2bnat 2023-03-31vCons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥1.3bnat 2022-03-31vCons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥1.6bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities IFRS
Operating cash flow¥1.2bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities IFRS
Operating cash flow¥116m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in operating activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥294m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in operating activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow−¥153m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in operating activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥150m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities IFRS
Investing cash flow−¥115m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities IFRS
Investing cash flow−¥106m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in investing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥102m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in investing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥136m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in investing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥883m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities IFRS
Financing cash flow−¥706m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities IFRS
Financing cash flow−¥69m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in financing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥333m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in financing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥299m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Cash flows from used in financing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥20.072025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS
EPS (basic)¥2.822024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS
EPS (basic)¥-1.852023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥10.62022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥13.62021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥141.32at 2026-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥123.51at 2025-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥124.08at 2024-03-31vCons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥108.02at 2023-03-31vCons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥85.7at 2022-03-31vCons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio38.4%at 2026-03-31Cons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio32.9%at 2025-03-31Cons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio30.1%at 2024-03-31vCons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio28.4%at 2023-03-31vCons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio24.5%at 2022-03-31vCons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE15.2%2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE2.3%2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE-1.6%2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vCons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE10.9%2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vCons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE18.2%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vCons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
Employees524at 2026-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees547at 2025-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees571at 2024-03-31vCons.Number of employees
Employees618at 2023-03-31vCons.Number of employees
Employees591at 2022-03-31vCons.Number of employees
Revenue¥10.7bn2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneNet sales
Revenue¥11.6bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneNet sales
Revenue¥10.6bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥10.9bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥10.8bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Operating income−¥12m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneOperating income
Operating income¥402m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneOperating income
Ordinary income¥199m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥239m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income−¥244m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥165m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥333m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥263m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Profit before tax¥427m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Net income¥290m2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥522m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income−¥180m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥155m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥345m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Total assets¥11.3bnat 2026-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥11.7bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥11.7bnat 2024-03-31vStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥11.4bnat 2023-03-31vStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥11.6bnat 2022-03-31vStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥6.4bnat 2026-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Total liabilities¥7.1bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Net assets / equity¥4.9bnat 2026-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥4.6bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥4.1bnat 2024-03-31vStandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥4.3bnat 2023-03-31vStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥4.2bnat 2022-03-31vStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Cash and deposits¥1.0bnat 2026-03-31StandaloneCash and deposits
Cash and deposits¥854mat 2025-03-31StandaloneCash and deposits
EPS (basic)¥10.062025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥18.142024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥-6.242023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥5.382022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥11.972021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥12025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥12024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥12023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥12022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥169.29at 2026-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥160.23at 2025-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥143.09at 2024-03-31vStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥150.33at 2023-03-31vStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥144.94at 2022-03-31vStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio43.2%at 2026-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio39.4%at 2025-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio35.3%at 2024-03-31vStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio38.1%at 2023-03-31vStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio36.1%at 2022-03-31vStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE6.1%2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE12.0%2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE-4.3%2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31vStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE3.6%2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31vStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE8.6%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31vStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Shares issued28,932,000at 2026-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued28,932,000at 2025-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued28,932,000at 2024-03-31vStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued28,932,000at 2023-03-31vStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued28,932,000at 2022-03-31vStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Employees225at 2026-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees237at 2025-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees222at 2024-03-31vStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees237at 2023-03-31vStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees241at 2022-03-31vStandaloneNumber of employees

Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.

Segments · 42
SegmentItemPeriodValue
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentscapex2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥15m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsrevenue external2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥861m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentssegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥288m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentssegment profit2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥21m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingcapex2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥48m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥4.1bn
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment profit2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31−¥826m
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentcapex2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥154m
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentemployeesat 2026-03-31260 pure
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentrevenue external2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥11.1bn
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥4.5bn
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentsegment profit2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥1.5bn
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentcapex2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥85m
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentemployeesat 2026-03-31139 pure
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentrevenue external2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥4.0bn
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥1.6bn
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentsegment profit2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31−¥3m
—segment totalcapex2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥239m
—segment totalrevenue external2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥15.1bn
—segment totalsegment assetsat 2026-03-31¥6.2bn
—segment totalsegment profit2025-04-01 → 2026-03-31¥1.5bn
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentscapex2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥10m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥635m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentssegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥350m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentssegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥21m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingcapex2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥16m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥3.8bn
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31−¥1.1bn
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentcapex2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥105m
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥11.0bn
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥4.7bn
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥1.2bn
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentcapex2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥58m
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥4.0bn
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥1.9bn
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥209m
—segment totalcapex2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥163m
—segment totalrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥15.0bn
—segment totalsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥6.7bn
—segment totalsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥1.4bn
Audio Product Divisionreportable segmentemployeesat 2026-03-31101 pure
Information Product Divisionreportable segmentemployeesat 2026-03-3146 pure

Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.

All source rows · 1,470
ItemContextValueUnit
Cost of sales IFRSCurrentYearDuration9101000000JPY
Gross profit IFRSPrior1YearDuration6796000000JPY
Gross profit IFRSCurrentYearDuration6843000000JPY
Selling general and administrative expenses IFRSPrior1YearDuration6413000000JPY
Selling general and administrative expenses IFRSCurrentYearDuration6447000000JPY
Other income and expenses net IFRSPrior1YearDuration-44000000JPY
Other income and expenses net IFRSCurrentYearDuration17000000JPY
Operating profit loss before individual disclosure items IFRSPrior1YearDuration340000000JPY
Operating profit loss before individual disclosure items IFRSCurrentYearDuration413000000JPY
Exceptional items IFRSPrior1YearDuration-JPY
Exceptional items IFRSCurrentYearDuration263000000JPY
Operating profit loss IFRSPrior1YearDuration340000000JPY
Operating profit loss IFRSCurrentYearDuration676000000JPY
Finance income IFRSPrior1YearDuration6000000JPY
Finance income IFRSCurrentYearDuration92000000JPY
Finance costs IFRSPrior1YearDuration287000000JPY
Finance costs IFRSCurrentYearDuration155000000JPY
Finance income and expenses net IFRSPrior1YearDuration-281000000JPY
Finance income and expenses net IFRSCurrentYearDuration-64000000JPY
Profit loss before tax IFRSPrior1YearDuration59000000JPY
Profit loss before tax IFRSCurrentYearDuration612000000JPY
Income tax expense IFRSPrior1YearDuration-22000000JPY
Income tax expense IFRSCurrentYearDuration34000000JPY
Profit loss IFRSPrior1YearDuration81000000JPY
Profit loss IFRSCurrentYearDuration578000000JPY
Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRSPrior1YearDuration81000000JPY
Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRSCurrentYearDuration578000000JPY
Profit loss IFRSPrior1YearDuration81000000JPY
Profit loss IFRSCurrentYearDuration578000000JPY
Basic earnings loss per share IFRSPrior1YearDuration2.82
Basic earnings loss per share IFRSCurrentYearDuration20.07
Diluted earnings loss per share IFRSPrior1YearDuration-
Diluted earnings loss per share IFRSCurrentYearDuration-
Profit loss IFRSPrior1YearDuration81000000JPY
Profit loss IFRSCurrentYearDuration578000000JPY
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans net of tax items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss oci IFRSPrior1YearDuration-22000000JPY
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans net of tax items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss oci IFRSCurrentYearDuration39000000JPY
Total of items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss oci IFRSPrior1YearDuration-22000000JPY
Total of items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss oci IFRSCurrentYearDuration39000000JPY
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations net of tax items that may be reclassified to profit or loss oci IFRSPrior1YearDuration-46000000JPY
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations net of tax items that may be reclassified to profit or loss oci IFRSCurrentYearDuration-75000000JPY
Total of items that may be reclassified to profit or loss oci IFRSPrior1YearDuration-46000000JPY
Total of items that may be reclassified to profit or loss oci IFRSCurrentYearDuration-75000000JPY
Other comprehensive income IFRSPrior1YearDuration-69000000JPY
Other comprehensive income IFRSCurrentYearDuration-36000000JPY
Comprehensive income IFRSPrior1YearDuration13000000JPY
Comprehensive income IFRSCurrentYearDuration542000000JPY
Comprehensive income attributable to owners of parent IFRSPrior1YearDuration13000000JPY
Comprehensive income attributable to owners of parent IFRSCurrentYearDuration542000000JPY
Comprehensive income IFRSPrior1YearDuration13000000JPY

Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.

Data checks · 21 of 21 passed
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2025-03-31pass
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2026-03-31pass
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2026-03-31pass
dei present pass
period resolution pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2025-04-01/2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2025-04-01/2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2025-04-01/2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2025-04-01/2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2026-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2026-03-31pass