Annual report

Period2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28
Filed2025-05-29
StandardIFRS
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks21 of 21 passed
Key figures · 156
MetricValuePeriodScopeSource row
Revenue¥143.6bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Revenue IFRS
Revenue¥148.7bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Revenue IFRS
Revenue¥156.1bn2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Revenue IFRS (5-year summary)
Revenue¥146.5bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Revenue IFRS (5-year summary)
Revenue¥135.7bn2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Revenue IFRS (5-year summary)
Operating income¥11.6bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Operating profit loss IFRS
Operating income¥11.5bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Operating profit loss IFRS
Profit before tax¥11.2bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Profit loss before tax IFRS
Profit before tax¥11.2bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Profit loss before tax IFRS
Profit before tax¥14.2bn2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Profit loss before tax IFRS (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥13.5bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Profit loss before tax IFRS (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥11.3bn2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Profit loss before tax IFRS (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥8.0bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS
Net income (owners)¥7.5bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS
Net income (owners)¥9.3bn2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥8.9bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)¥7.3bn2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Net income¥8.3bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Profit loss IFRS
Net income¥7.9bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Profit loss IFRS
Total assets¥174.4bnat 2025-02-28Cons.Assets IFRS
Total assets¥175.5bnat 2024-02-29Cons.Assets IFRS
Total assets¥176.3bnat 2023-02-28dCons.Total assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Total assets¥178.3bnat 2022-02-28dCons.Total assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Total assets¥172.9bnat 2021-02-28dCons.Total assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥103.6bnat 2025-02-28Cons.Liabilities IFRS
Total liabilities¥107.7bnat 2024-02-29Cons.Liabilities IFRS
Net assets / equity¥70.8bnat 2025-02-28Cons.Equity IFRS
Net assets / equity¥67.7bnat 2024-02-29Cons.Equity IFRS
Net assets / equity¥64.9bnat 2023-02-28dCons.Equity IFRS
Equity (owners)¥70.2bnat 2025-02-28Cons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS
Equity (owners)¥66.7bnat 2024-02-29Cons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS
Equity (owners)¥64.2bnat 2023-02-28dCons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity (owners)¥59.0bnat 2022-02-28dCons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity (owners)¥53.1bnat 2021-02-28dCons.Equity attributable to owners of parent IFRS (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥7.0bnat 2025-02-28Cons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS
Cash & equivalents¥7.2bnat 2024-02-29Cons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS
Cash & equivalents¥7.0bnat 2023-02-28dCons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS
Cash & equivalents¥6.2bnat 2022-02-28dCons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥5.5bnat 2021-02-28dCons.Cash and cash equivalents IFRS (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥17.4bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities IFRS
Operating cash flow¥13.6bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities IFRS
Operating cash flow¥18.2bn2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in operating activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥16.3bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in operating activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥14.9bn2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in operating activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥3.7bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities IFRS
Investing cash flow−¥3.1bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities IFRS
Investing cash flow−¥1.8bn2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in investing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥2.4bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in investing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow−¥3.2bn2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in investing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥13.9bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities IFRS
Financing cash flow−¥10.3bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities IFRS
Financing cash flow−¥15.6bn2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in financing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥13.2bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in financing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥14.0bn2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Cash flows from used in financing activities IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥108.812024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS
EPS (basic)¥102.612023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS
EPS (basic)¥126.822022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥121.652021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥98.642020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Basic earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥108.122024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Diluted earnings loss per share IFRS
EPS (diluted)¥102.052023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Diluted earnings loss per share IFRS
EPS (diluted)¥1262022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Diluted earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥120.772021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Diluted earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥97.922020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Diluted earnings loss per share IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥953.69at 2025-02-28Cons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥907.54at 2024-02-29Cons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥873.05at 2023-02-28dCons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥801.91at 2022-02-28dCons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥722.69at 2021-02-28dCons.Equity to asset ratio IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio40.2%at 2025-02-28Cons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio38.0%at 2024-02-29Cons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio36.4%at 2023-02-28dCons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio33.1%at 2022-02-28dCons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
Equity ratio30.7%at 2021-02-28dCons.Ratio of owners equity to gross assets IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE11.7%2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28Cons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE11.5%2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29Cons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE15.1%2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dCons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE16.0%2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dCons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
ROE14.2%2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dCons.Rate of return on equity IFRS (5-year summary)
Employees2,672at 2025-02-28Cons.Number of employees
Employees2,965at 2024-02-29Cons.Number of employees
Employees10,920at 2023-02-28dCons.Number of employees
Employees10,461at 2022-02-28dCons.Number of employees
Employees9,791at 2021-02-28dCons.Number of employees
Revenue¥15.0bn2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28StandaloneOperating revenue1
Revenue¥18.0bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneOperating revenue1
Revenue¥16.4bn2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dStandaloneOperating revenue1 (5-year summary)
Revenue¥19.4bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dStandaloneOperating revenue1 (5-year summary)
Revenue¥20.7bn2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dStandaloneOperating revenue1 (5-year summary)
Operating income¥868m2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28StandaloneOperating income
Operating income¥3.9bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneOperating income
Ordinary income¥715m2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥3.8bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥2.3bn2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥5.0bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income¥6.6bn2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥587m2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Profit before tax¥3.6bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Net income−¥572m2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥2.1bn2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥174m2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥2.9bn2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income¥884m2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Total assets¥109.6bnat 2025-02-28StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥115.4bnat 2024-02-29StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥121.1bnat 2023-02-28dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥126.2bnat 2022-02-28dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥131.2bnat 2021-02-28dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥62.8bnat 2025-02-28StandaloneLiabilities
Total liabilities¥63.7bnat 2024-02-29StandaloneLiabilities
Net assets / equity¥46.8bnat 2025-02-28StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥51.7bnat 2024-02-29StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥54.1bnat 2023-02-28dStandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥58.4bnat 2022-02-28dStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥58.7bnat 2021-02-28dStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Cash and deposits¥4.5bnat 2025-02-28StandaloneCash and deposits
Cash and deposits¥5.2bnat 2024-02-29StandaloneCash and deposits
EPS (basic)¥-7.772024-03-01 → 2025-02-28StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥28.482023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥2.362022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥40.12021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥12.042020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥-7.722024-03-01 → 2025-02-28StandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥28.322023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥2.342022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dStandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥39.812021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dStandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
EPS (diluted)¥11.952020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dStandaloneDiluted earnings per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥602024-03-01 → 2025-02-28StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥602023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥602022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥542021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥422020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dStandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥635.6at 2025-02-28StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥703.05at 2024-02-29StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥735.32at 2023-02-28dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥792.98at 2022-02-28dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥798.02at 2021-02-28dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio42.7%at 2025-02-28StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio44.8%at 2024-02-29StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio44.7%at 2023-02-28dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio46.2%at 2022-02-28dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio44.7%at 2021-02-28dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE4.0%2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE0.3%2022-03-01 → 2023-02-28dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE5.0%2021-03-01 → 2022-02-28dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE1.5%2020-03-01 → 2021-02-28dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Shares issued73,753,310at 2025-02-28StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued73,753,310at 2024-02-29StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued73,715,734at 2023-02-28dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued73,715,734at 2022-02-28dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued73,653,107at 2021-02-28dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Employees220at 2025-02-28StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees218at 2024-02-29StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees241at 2023-02-28dStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees235at 2022-02-28dStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees248at 2021-02-28dStandaloneNumber of employees

Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.

Segments · 14
SegmentItemPeriodValue
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentscapex2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28¥133m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsemployeesat 2025-02-2820 pure
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsrevenue2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28¥732m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsrevenue external2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28¥411m
CRM Businessreportable segmentcapex2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28¥1.5bn
CRM Businessreportable segmentemployeesat 2025-02-282432 pure
CRM Businessreportable segmentrevenue2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28¥143.2bn
CRM Businessreportable segmentrevenue external2024-03-01 → 2025-02-28¥143.2bn
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentscapex2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29¥68m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsrevenue2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29¥933m
Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segmentsrevenue external2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29¥610m
CRM Businessreportable segmentcapex2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29¥2.0bn
CRM Businessreportable segmentrevenue2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29¥148.1bn
CRM Businessreportable segmentrevenue external2023-03-01 → 2024-02-29¥148.1bn

Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.

All source rows · 1,698
ItemContextValueUnit
Finance costs IFRSCurrentYearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember-JPY
Finance costs IFRSCurrentYearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E31896-000AdjustmentsAndEliminationsMember-JPY
Finance costs IFRSCurrentYearDuration579000000JPY
Profit loss before tax IFRSCurrentYearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E31896-000CRMBusinessReportableSegmentMember12088000000JPY
Profit loss before tax IFRSCurrentYearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember-856000000JPY
Profit loss before tax IFRSCurrentYearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E31896-000AdjustmentsAndEliminationsMember-JPY
Profit loss before tax IFRSCurrentYearDuration11232000000JPY
Capital expenditures IFRSCurrentYearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E31896-000CRMBusinessReportableSegmentMember1456000000JPY
Capital expenditures IFRSCurrentYearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember133000000JPY
Capital expenditures IFRSCurrentYearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E31896-000AdjustmentsAndEliminationsMember-JPY
Capital expenditures IFRSCurrentYearDuration1589000000JPY
Buildings and structures acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant9111000000JPY
Construction in progress acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant76000000JPY
Tools furniture and fixtures acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant9888000000JPY
Right of use assets acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant56569000000JPY
Property plant and equipment acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant75644000000JPY
Buildings and structures acquisition cost IFRSCurrentYearInstant9180000000JPY
Construction in progress acquisition cost IFRSCurrentYearInstant14000000JPY
Tools furniture and fixtures acquisition cost IFRSCurrentYearInstant10425000000JPY
Right of use assets acquisition cost IFRSCurrentYearInstant56605000000JPY
Property plant and equipment acquisition cost IFRSCurrentYearInstant76224000000JPY
Buildings and structures accumulated depreciation and impairment losses IFRSPrior1YearInstant-5497000000JPY
Construction in progress accumulated impairment losses IFRSPrior1YearInstant-JPY
Tools furniture and fixtures accumulated depreciation and impairment losses IFRSPrior1YearInstant-6938000000JPY
Right of use assets accumulated depreciation and impairment IFRSPrior1YearInstant-27381000000JPY
Property plant and equipment accumulated depreciation and impairment losses IFRSPrior1YearInstant-39816000000JPY
Buildings and structures accumulated depreciation and impairment losses IFRSCurrentYearInstant-5917000000JPY
Construction in progress accumulated impairment losses IFRSCurrentYearInstant-JPY
Tools furniture and fixtures accumulated depreciation and impairment losses IFRSCurrentYearInstant-7667000000JPY
Right of use assets accumulated depreciation and impairment IFRSCurrentYearInstant-31077000000JPY
Property plant and equipment accumulated depreciation and impairment losses IFRSCurrentYearInstant-44661000000JPY
Buildings and structures IFRSPrior1YearInstant3614000000JPY
Construction in progress IFRSPrior1YearInstant76000000JPY
Tools furniture and fixtures IFRSPrior1YearInstant2950000000JPY
Right of use assets IFRSPrior1YearInstant29188000000JPY
Property plant and equipment IFRSPrior1YearInstant35828000000JPY
Buildings and structures IFRSCurrentYearInstant3263000000JPY
Construction in progress IFRSCurrentYearInstant14000000JPY
Tools furniture and fixtures IFRSCurrentYearInstant2758000000JPY
Right of use assets IFRSCurrentYearInstant25528000000JPY
Property plant and equipment IFRSCurrentYearInstant31563000000JPY
Software acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant10031000000JPY
Customer related assets acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant1710000000JPY
Right of use asset components of intangible assets acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant1103000000JPY
Other components of intangible assets acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant133000000JPY
Intangible assets acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant12977000000JPY
Goodwill acquisition cost IFRSPrior1YearInstant98122000000JPY
Software acquisition cost IFRSCurrentYearInstant10144000000JPY
Customer related assets acquisition cost IFRSCurrentYearInstant1428000000JPY
Right of use asset components of intangible assets acquisition cost IFRSCurrentYearInstant1086000000JPY

Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.

Data checks · 21 of 21 passed
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2024-02-29pass
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2025-02-28pass
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2024-02-29pass
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2025-02-28pass
dei present pass
period resolution pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2023-02-28pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2024-02-29pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2025-02-28pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2023-03-01/2024-02-29pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2024-03-01/2025-02-28pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2023-03-01/2024-02-29pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2024-03-01/2025-02-28pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2023-03-01/2024-02-29pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2024-03-01/2025-02-28pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2023-03-01/2024-02-29pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2024-03-01/2025-02-28pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2024-02-29pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2025-02-28pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2024-02-29pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2025-02-28pass