Annual report
6181.TEDINET S100W75E
Period2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31
Filed2025-06-26
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedNo
Data checks12 of 13 passed
Key figures · 112
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥5.9bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥5.6bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥5.6bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥4.0bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥5.6bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥4.2bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥4.4bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥3.6bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | −¥56m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥77m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | −¥100m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥27m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | −¥230m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | −¥115m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | −¥219m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥47m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | −¥2.1bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | −¥988m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | −¥818m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | −¥9m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | −¥237m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | −¥321m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | −¥2.3bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income | −¥849m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥3m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | −¥805m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | −¥339m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | −¥1.7bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥3.6bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥4.9bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥5.0bn | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.0bn | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.3bn | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.6bn | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.1bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥5.4bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥4.3bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥4.7bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | −¥695m | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥150m | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥146m | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥150m | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥237m | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥800m | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | −¥400m | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥181m | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.4bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.7bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.4bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.7bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.3bn | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.3bn | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥1.2bn | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥563m | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥269m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥558m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥70m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | −¥23m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | −¥1.5bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥99m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | ¥8m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | ¥71m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥135m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥447m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥486m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥193m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥68m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥842m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥1.5bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-32.25 | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥0.13 | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-9.49 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-32.19 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-15.28 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-16.13 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-202.7 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-150.34 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥0.13 | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-26.39 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥5.69 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥5.73 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥5.55 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥9.5 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥32.02 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥-24.65 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥11.16 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | -19.4% | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 3.1% | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 3.0% | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 2.9% | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 4.5% | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 14.2% | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | -7.9% | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 3.4% | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 2.4% | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -122.4% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -170.2% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -69.1% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -739.9% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -289.0% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 26,328,700 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 26,265,100 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 26,259,100 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 24,982,000 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 16,362,200 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 298 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 290 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 340 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 423 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 291 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 535 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 434 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
Segments · 43
| Segment | Item | Period | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | capex | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥14m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | depreciation | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥15m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | revenue | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | −¥23m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | revenue intersegment | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | −¥23m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment assets | at 2025-03-31 | ¥1.6bn |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment profit | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | −¥479m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | capex | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥496,000 |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | depreciation | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥17m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | employees | at 2025-03-31 | 14 pure |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | revenue | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥423m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | revenue external | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥412m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | revenue intersegment | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥11m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | segment assets | at 2025-03-31 | ¥414m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | segment profit | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥74m |
| —segment total | capex | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | −¥1.0bn |
| —segment total | depreciation | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥200m |
| —segment total | employees | at 2025-03-31 | 255 pure |
| —segment total | revenue | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥5.9bn |
| —segment total | revenue external | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥5.9bn |
| —segment total | revenue intersegment | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥23m |
| —segment total | segment assets | at 2025-03-31 | ¥2.0bn |
| —segment total | segment profit | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | ¥423m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | capex | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | −¥35m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | depreciation | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥14m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | revenue | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | −¥27m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | revenue external | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥1m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | revenue intersegment | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | −¥28m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment assets | at 2024-03-31 | ¥1.9bn |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment profit | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | −¥490m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | capex | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | −¥2m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | depreciation | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥16m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | revenue | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥289m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | revenue external | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥277m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | revenue intersegment | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥12m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | segment assets | at 2024-03-31 | ¥292m |
| Regional Revitalization Quality Of Lifereportable segment | segment profit | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥29m |
| —segment total | capex | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | −¥136m |
| —segment total | depreciation | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥214m |
| —segment total | revenue | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥5.6bn |
| —segment total | revenue external | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥5.6bn |
| —segment total | revenue intersegment | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥28m |
| —segment total | segment assets | at 2024-03-31 | ¥3.0bn |
| —segment total | segment profit | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | ¥567m |
Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.
All source rows · 1,186
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Audit fees reporting company | Prior1YearDuration | 28000000 | JPY |
| Non audit fees reporting company | Prior1YearDuration | - | JPY |
| Audit fees reporting company | CurrentYearDuration | 28000000 | JPY |
| Non audit fees reporting company | CurrentYearDuration | - | JPY |
| Total amount of remuneration etc remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_DirectorsExcludingOutsideDirectorsMember | 48900000 | JPY |
| Base remuneration remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_DirectorsExcludingOutsideDirectorsMember | 48900000 | JPY |
| Share option remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_DirectorsExcludingOutsideDirectorsMember | - | JPY |
| Bonus remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_DirectorsExcludingOutsideDirectorsMember | - | JPY |
| Number of directors and other officers remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_DirectorsExcludingOutsideDirectorsMember | 2 | |
| Total amount of remuneration etc remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_CorporateAuditorsExcludingOutsideCorporateAuditorsMember | - | JPY |
| Base remuneration remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_CorporateAuditorsExcludingOutsideCorporateAuditorsMember | - | JPY |
| Share option remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_CorporateAuditorsExcludingOutsideCorporateAuditorsMember | - | JPY |
| Bonus remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_CorporateAuditorsExcludingOutsideCorporateAuditorsMember | - | JPY |
| Number of directors and other officers remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_CorporateAuditorsExcludingOutsideCorporateAuditorsMember | - | |
| Total amount of remuneration etc remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_OutsideDirectorsAndOtherOfficersMember | 14400000 | JPY |
| Base remuneration remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_OutsideDirectorsAndOtherOfficersMember | 14400000 | JPY |
| Share option remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_OutsideDirectorsAndOtherOfficersMember | - | JPY |
| Bonus remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_OutsideDirectorsAndOtherOfficersMember | - | JPY |
| Number of directors and other officers remuneration etc by category of directors and other officers | CurrentYearDuration_OutsideDirectorsAndOtherOfficersMember | 5 | |
| Cash and deposits | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1691554000 | JPY |
| Cash and deposits | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1375950000 | JPY |
| Accounts receivable trade | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 722327000 | JPY |
| Accounts receivable trade | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 782889000 | JPY |
| Short term investment securities | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 30000000 | JPY |
| Short term investment securities | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | - | JPY |
| Supplies | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1986000 | JPY |
| Supplies | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1647000 | JPY |
| Advance payments other | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 9382000 | JPY |
| Advance payments other | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 6550000 | JPY |
| Prepaid expenses | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 119699000 | JPY |
| Prepaid expenses | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 118018000 | JPY |
| Other ca | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 21148000 | JPY |
| Other ca | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 39486000 | JPY |
| Allowance for doubtful accounts ca | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -36157000 | JPY |
| Allowance for doubtful accounts ca | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -32511000 | JPY |
| Current assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 2559942000 | JPY |
| Current assets | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 2292032000 | JPY |
| Buildings | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 780208000 | JPY |
| Buildings | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 805270000 | JPY |
| Accumulated depreciation buildings | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -297217000 | JPY |
| Accumulated depreciation buildings | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -354004000 | JPY |
| Buildings net | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 482990000 | JPY |
| Buildings net | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 451265000 | JPY |
| Tools furniture and fixtures | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 226530000 | JPY |
| Tools furniture and fixtures | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 240755000 | JPY |
| Accumulated depreciation tools furniture and fixtures | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -212947000 | JPY |
| Accumulated depreciation tools furniture and fixtures | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -220215000 | JPY |
| Tools furniture and fixtures net | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 13582000 | JPY |
| Tools furniture and fixtures net | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 20539000 | JPY |
| Other ppe | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 60059000 | JPY |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 12 of 13 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | mismatch |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |