Annual report

Period2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31
Filed2025-06-26
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks24 of 24 passed
Key figures · 145
MetricValuePeriodScopeSource row
Revenue¥27.6bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net sales
Revenue¥26.8bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Net sales
Revenue¥25.3bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥25.1bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥26.3bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Net sales (5-year summary)
Operating income¥901m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Operating income
Operating income¥1.0bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Operating income
Ordinary income¥1.0bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Ordinary income
Ordinary income¥1.1bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Ordinary income
Ordinary income¥472m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income−¥503m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income−¥150m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Ordinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥1.0bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Income before income taxes
Profit before tax¥1.1bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Income before income taxes
Net income (owners)¥976m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent
Net income (owners)¥866m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent
Net income (owners)¥473m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)−¥642m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income (owners)−¥383m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary)
Net income¥974m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Profit loss
Net income¥865m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Profit loss
Total assets¥14.6bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Assets
Total assets¥15.6bnat 2024-03-31Cons.Assets
Total assets¥14.1bnat 2023-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥13.8bnat 2022-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥14.6bnat 2021-03-31dCons.Total assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥9.9bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Liabilities
Total liabilities¥11.4bnat 2024-03-31Cons.Liabilities
Net assets / equity¥4.7bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥4.2bnat 2024-03-31Cons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥3.0bnat 2023-03-31dCons.Net assets
Net assets / equity¥2.5bnat 2022-03-31dCons.Net assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥3.1bnat 2021-03-31dCons.Net assets (5-year summary)
Cash and deposits¥2.8bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Cash and deposits
Cash and deposits¥2.6bnat 2024-03-31Cons.Cash and deposits
Cash & equivalents¥2.8bnat 2025-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥2.5bnat 2024-03-31Cons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥2.1bnat 2023-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents
Cash & equivalents¥2.3bnat 2022-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary)
Cash & equivalents¥1.5bnat 2021-03-31dCons.Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥801m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities
Operating cash flow¥1.0bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities
Operating cash flow¥60m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow¥500m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Operating cash flow−¥118m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow¥239m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investment activities
Investing cash flow−¥327m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in investment activities
Investing cash flow¥30m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow¥705m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Investing cash flow¥19m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥763m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities
Financing cash flow−¥357m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities
Financing cash flow−¥255m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥575m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
Financing cash flow−¥147m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥658.652024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥570.842023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥309.962022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥-420.512021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥-250.932020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥3,181.24at 2025-03-31Cons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥2,794.25at 2024-03-31Cons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,944.73at 2023-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,597.38at 2022-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,901.54at 2021-03-31dCons.Net assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio32.3%at 2025-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio26.5%at 2024-03-31Cons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio21.0%at 2023-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio17.7%at 2022-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio20.0%at 2021-03-31dCons.Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE22.0%2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE24.4%2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31Cons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE17.5%2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE-24.0%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE-12.8%2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dCons.Rate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Employees389at 2025-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees399at 2024-03-31Cons.Number of employees
Employees416at 2023-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Employees458at 2022-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Employees700at 2021-03-31dCons.Number of employees
Revenue¥27.0bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneNet sales
Revenue¥26.2bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31StandaloneNet sales
Revenue¥24.6bn2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥24.0bn2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Revenue¥24.7bn2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneNet sales (5-year summary)
Operating income¥979m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneOperating income
Operating income¥1.0bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31StandaloneOperating income
Ordinary income¥1.0bn2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥1.1bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31StandaloneOrdinary income
Ordinary income¥424m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income−¥204m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Ordinary income−¥147m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneOrdinary income loss (5-year summary)
Profit before tax¥743m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Profit before tax¥1.1bn2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31StandaloneIncome before income taxes
Net income¥683m2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥855m2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31StandaloneProfit loss
Net income¥435m2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income−¥88m2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Net income−¥317m2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneNet income loss (5-year summary)
Total assets¥14.0bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥15.1bnat 2024-03-31StandaloneAssets
Total assets¥13.8bnat 2023-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥13.2bnat 2022-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total assets¥13.2bnat 2021-03-31dStandaloneTotal assets (5-year summary)
Total liabilities¥9.6bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Total liabilities¥11.0bnat 2024-03-31StandaloneLiabilities
Net assets / equity¥4.5bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥4.1bnat 2024-03-31StandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥3.0bnat 2023-03-31dStandaloneNet assets
Net assets / equity¥2.5bnat 2022-03-31dStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Net assets / equity¥2.5bnat 2021-03-31dStandaloneNet assets (5-year summary)
Cash and deposits¥2.5bnat 2025-03-31StandaloneCash and deposits
Cash and deposits¥2.0bnat 2024-03-31StandaloneCash and deposits
EPS (basic)¥460.952024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥564.042023-04-01 → 2024-03-31StandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥285.082022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥-57.722021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
EPS (basic)¥-207.562020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneBasic earnings loss per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥1052024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Dividend per share¥902023-04-01 → 2024-03-31StandaloneDividend paid per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥3,011.13at 2025-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥2,755.74at 2024-03-31StandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,986.18at 2023-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,634.93at 2022-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Net assets per share¥1,668.07at 2021-03-31dStandaloneNet assets per share (5-year summary)
Equity ratio31.8%at 2025-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio27.0%at 2024-03-31StandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio21.9%at 2023-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio18.9%at 2022-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
Equity ratio19.3%at 2021-03-31dStandaloneEquity to asset ratio (5-year summary)
ROE16.0%2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE24.0%2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31StandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE15.7%2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE-3.5%2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
ROE-11.9%2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31dStandaloneRate of return on equity (5-year summary)
Shares issued1,686,154at 2025-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued1,686,154at 2024-03-31StandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued1,686,154at 2023-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued1,686,154at 2022-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Shares issued1,686,154at 2021-03-31dStandaloneTotal number of issued shares (5-year summary)
Employees340at 2025-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees340at 2024-03-31StandaloneNumber of employees
Employees356at 2023-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees390at 2022-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees
Employees432at 2021-03-31dStandaloneNumber of employees

Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.

Segments · 60
SegmentItemPeriodValue
Otherother segmentsdepreciation2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥0
Otherother segmentsemployeesat 2025-03-3127 pure
Otherother segmentsrevenue2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥6.7bn
Otherother segmentsrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥6.7bn
Otherother segmentssegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥1.6bn
Otherother segmentssegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥200m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingcapex2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥64m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingdepreciation2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥82m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥6.0bn
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31−¥682m
Chemical Productsreportable segmentdepreciation2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥2m
Chemical Productsreportable segmentemployeesat 2025-03-3128 pure
Chemical Productsreportable segmentrevenue2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥5.7bn
Chemical Productsreportable segmentrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥5.7bn
Chemical Productsreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥1.4bn
Chemical Productsreportable segmentsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥118m
Paper Productsreportable segmentcapex2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥251m
Paper Productsreportable segmentdepreciation2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥183m
Paper Productsreportable segmentemployeesat 2025-03-31277 pure
Paper Productsreportable segmentrevenue2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥15.2bn
Paper Productsreportable segmentrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥15.2bn
Paper Productsreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥5.7bn
Paper Productsreportable segmentsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥1.3bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalcapex2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥251m
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totaldepreciation2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥185m
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥27.6bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue external2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥27.6bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalsegment assetsat 2025-03-31¥8.6bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalsegment profit2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31¥1.6bn
Otherother segmentscapex2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥0
Otherother segmentsdepreciation2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥0
Otherother segmentsrevenue2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥6.6bn
Otherother segmentsrevenue external2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥6.6bn
Otherother segmentssegment assetsat 2024-03-31¥1.8bn
Otherother segmentssegment profit2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥193m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingcapex2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥78m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingdepreciation2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥79m
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment assetsat 2024-03-31¥6.1bn
Reconciling Itemsreconcilingsegment profit2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31−¥607m
Chemical Productsreportable segmentcapex2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥1m
Chemical Productsreportable segmentdepreciation2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥3m
Chemical Productsreportable segmentrevenue2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥5.5bn
Chemical Productsreportable segmentrevenue external2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥5.5bn
Chemical Productsreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2024-03-31¥1.7bn
Chemical Productsreportable segmentsegment profit2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥130m
Paper Productsreportable segmentcapex2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥347m
Paper Productsreportable segmentdepreciation2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥162m
Paper Productsreportable segmentrevenue2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥14.7bn
Paper Productsreportable segmentrevenue external2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥14.7bn
Paper Productsreportable segmentsegment assetsat 2024-03-31¥6.0bn
Paper Productsreportable segmentsegment profit2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥1.3bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalcapex2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥349m
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totaldepreciation2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥166m
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥26.8bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalrevenue external2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥26.8bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalsegment assetsat 2024-03-31¥9.5bn
Total Of Reportable Segments And Otherssegment totalsegment profit2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31¥1.6bn
Otherother segmentsemployeesat 2025-03-3127 pure
Chemical Productsreportable segmentemployeesat 2025-03-3124 pure
Paper Productsreportable segmentemployeesat 2025-03-31232 pure

Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.

All source rows · 1,834
ItemContextValueUnit
Shareholders equityPrior1YearInstant3380000000JPY
Shareholders equityCurrentYearInstant4228000000JPY
Valuation difference on available for sale securitiesPrior1YearInstant509000000JPY
Valuation difference on available for sale securitiesCurrentYearInstant340000000JPY
Deferred gains or losses on hedgesPrior1YearInstant1000000JPY
Deferred gains or losses on hedgesCurrentYearInstant-0JPY
Foreign currency translation adjustmentPrior1YearInstant187000000JPY
Foreign currency translation adjustmentCurrentYearInstant178000000JPY
Remeasurements of defined benefit plansPrior1YearInstant59000000JPY
Remeasurements of defined benefit plansCurrentYearInstant-28000000JPY
Valuation and translation adjustmentsPrior1YearInstant758000000JPY
Valuation and translation adjustmentsCurrentYearInstant489000000JPY
Non controlling interestsPrior1YearInstant13000000JPY
Non controlling interestsCurrentYearInstant11000000JPY
Net assetsPrior1YearInstant4153000000JPY
Net assetsCurrentYearInstant4730000000JPY
Liabilities and net assetsPrior1YearInstant15597000000JPY
Liabilities and net assetsCurrentYearInstant14600000000JPY
Net salesPrior1YearDuration26837000000JPY
Net salesCurrentYearDuration27579000000JPY
Cost of salesPrior1YearDuration21421000000JPY
Cost of salesCurrentYearDuration22074000000JPY
Gross profitPrior1YearDuration5415000000JPY
Gross profitCurrentYearDuration5504000000JPY
Haulage expenses sgaPrior1YearDuration1336000000JPY
Haulage expenses sgaCurrentYearDuration1357000000JPY
Warehousing expenses sgaPrior1YearDuration884000000JPY
Warehousing expenses sgaCurrentYearDuration919000000JPY
Salaries and allowances sgaPrior1YearDuration1243000000JPY
Salaries and allowances sgaCurrentYearDuration1366000000JPY
Provision for bonuses sgaPrior1YearDuration103000000JPY
Provision for bonuses sgaCurrentYearDuration111000000JPY
Retirement benefit expenses sgaPrior1YearDuration40000000JPY
Retirement benefit expenses sgaCurrentYearDuration36000000JPY
Rent expenses sgaPrior1YearDuration135000000JPY
Rent expenses sgaCurrentYearDuration136000000JPY
Traveling and transportation expenses sgaPrior1YearDuration62000000JPY
Traveling and transportation expenses sgaCurrentYearDuration76000000JPY
Other expenses sgaPrior1YearDuration575000000JPY
Other expenses sgaCurrentYearDuration599000000JPY
Selling general and administrative expensesPrior1YearDuration4381000000JPY
Selling general and administrative expensesCurrentYearDuration4602000000JPY
Operating incomePrior1YearDuration1034000000JPY
Operating incomeCurrentYearDuration901000000JPY
Dividends income noiPrior1YearDuration36000000JPY
Dividends income noiCurrentYearDuration45000000JPY
Equity in earnings of affiliates noiPrior1YearDuration62000000JPY
Equity in earnings of affiliates noiCurrentYearDuration80000000JPY
Foreign exchange gains noiPrior1YearDuration-JPY
Foreign exchange gains noiCurrentYearDuration0JPY

Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.

Data checks · 24 of 24 passed
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2024-03-31pass
balance sheet identityconsolidated 2025-03-31pass
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2024-03-31pass
balance sheet identitynon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass rounding
dei present pass
period resolution pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsconsolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2023-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net assetsnon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2023-04-01/2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · net income attributable to parentconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2023-04-01/2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · operating cash flowconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2023-04-01/2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenueconsolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2023-04-01/2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · revenuenon_consolidated 2024-04-01/2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsconsolidated 2025-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2024-03-31pass
statement vs summary · total assetsnon_consolidated 2025-03-31pass