Annual report
3549.TEDINET S100P1U4
Period2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20
Filed2022-08-18
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks24 of 24 passed
Key figures · 156
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥328.3bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥305.9bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥300.2bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥250.9bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥221.3bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥14.1bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥16.6bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥15.8bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥17.3bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥16.8bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥14.6bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥12.6bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥14.6bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥16.8bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | ¥9.8bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥12.1bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥12.4bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥10.6bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥8.8bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥9.8bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥12.1bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Total assets | ¥234.2bn | at 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥195.9bn | at 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥170.4bn | at 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥136.2bn | at 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥117.7bn | at 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥147.3bn | at 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥118.2bn | at 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥86.9bn | at 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥77.7bn | at 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥66.2bn | at 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥54.4bn | at 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥44.3bn | at 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥26.3bn | at 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥15.7bn | at 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥26.3bn | at 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥15.7bn | at 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥19.3bn | at 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥8.1bn | at 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥13.2bn | at 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥20.3bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥13.8bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥21.5bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥11.1bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥18.2bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥27.8bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥25.5bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥18.1bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥17.9bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥16.3bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥18.1bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | ¥8.1bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | ¥7.8bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥1.6bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥4.8bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥312.05 | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥382.56 | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥393.82 | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥337.86 | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥280.23 | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥382.56 | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥393.81 | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥337.78 | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥280.03 | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥2,753.84 | at 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥2,459.98 | at 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥2,097.26 | at 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,725.51 | at 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,405.1 | at 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 37.1% | at 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 39.6% | at 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 38.8% | at 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 39.9% | at 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 37.6% | at 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 12.0% | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 16.8% | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 20.6% | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 21.6% | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 22.1% | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 4,033 | at 2022-05-20 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 3,990 | at 2021-05-20 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 3,004 | at 2020-05-20d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 2,417 | at 2019-05-20d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 2,188 | at 2018-05-20d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Revenue | ¥3.2bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Operating revenue1 |
| Revenue | ¥3.0bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Operating revenue1 |
| Revenue | ¥2.6bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥2.3bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥5.0bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥2.5bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥2.5bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.5bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.5bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.3bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.0bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥5.0bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥2.5bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥2.5bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income | ¥1.8bn | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥1.8bn | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥1.6bn | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥1.4bn | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥3.5bn | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥46.1bn | at 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥39.9bn | at 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥37.4bn | at 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥35.4bn | at 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥34.3bn | at 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥9.3bn | at 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥4.0bn | at 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥36.8bn | at 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥35.8bn | at 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥34.7bn | at 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥33.6bn | at 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥32.7bn | at 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.2bn | at 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥462m | at 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| EPS (basic) | ¥55.51 | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥55.72 | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥50.14 | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥44.22 | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥110.19 | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥55.72 | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥50.14 | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥44.21 | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥110.11 | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥26 | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥23 | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥20 | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥18 | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥16 | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,163.81 | at 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,133.1 | at 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,098.33 | at 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,065.22 | at 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,035.93 | at 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 79.6% | at 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 89.6% | at 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 92.7% | at 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 94.8% | at 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 95.1% | at 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 4.8% | 2021-05-21 → 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 5.0% | 2020-05-21 → 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 4.6% | 2019-05-21 → 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 4.2% | 2018-05-21 → 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 11.2% | 2017-05-21 → 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 31,532,560 | at 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 31,532,560 | at 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 31,531,560 | at 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 31,524,260 | at 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 31,497,060 | at 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 37 | at 2022-05-20 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 21 | at 2021-05-20 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 15 | at 2020-05-20d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 12 | at 2019-05-20d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 14 | at 2018-05-20d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
All source rows · 1,276
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net cash provided by used in financing activities | Prior1YearDuration | 8102000000 | JPY |
| Net cash provided by used in financing activities | CurrentYearDuration | 18098000000 | JPY |
| Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalents | Prior1YearDuration | -3575000000 | JPY |
| Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalents | CurrentYearDuration | 10613000000 | JPY |
| Cash and cash equivalents | Prior2YearInstant | 19310000000 | JPY |
| Cash and cash equivalents | Prior1YearInstant | 15734000000 | JPY |
| Cash and cash equivalents | Prior1YearInstant | 15734000000 | JPY |
| Cash and cash equivalents | CurrentYearInstant | 26348000000 | JPY |
| Number of consolidated subsidiaries | CurrentYearInstant | 3 | |
| Accumulated depreciation ppe by group | Prior1YearInstant | -41726000000 | JPY |
| Accumulated depreciation ppe by group | CurrentYearInstant | -45995000000 | JPY |
| Write downs of inventories | Prior1YearDuration | 401000000 | JPY |
| Write downs of inventories | CurrentYearDuration | 755000000 | JPY |
| Provision for point card certificates sga | Prior1YearDuration | 2779000000 | JPY |
| Provision for point card certificates sga | CurrentYearDuration | -2000000 | JPY |
| Compensations salaries and allowances sga | Prior1YearDuration | 24605000000 | JPY |
| Compensations salaries and allowances sga | CurrentYearDuration | 25503000000 | JPY |
| Provision for bonuses sga | Prior1YearDuration | 875000000 | JPY |
| Provision for bonuses sga | CurrentYearDuration | 1111000000 | JPY |
| Retirement benefit expenses sga | Prior1YearDuration | 413000000 | JPY |
| Retirement benefit expenses sga | CurrentYearDuration | 501000000 | JPY |
| Rents sga | Prior1YearDuration | 10729000000 | JPY |
| Rents sga | CurrentYearDuration | 12512000000 | JPY |
| Depreciation sga | Prior1YearDuration | 7295000000 | JPY |
| Depreciation sga | CurrentYearDuration | 8786000000 | JPY |
| Cash and deposits | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 462000000 | JPY |
| Cash and deposits | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1241000000 | JPY |
| Accounts receivable other | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 3397000000 | JPY |
| Accounts receivable other | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 4180000000 | JPY |
| Short term loans receivable | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 22410000000 | JPY |
| Short term loans receivable | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 24770000000 | JPY |
| Other ca | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 32000000 | JPY |
| Other ca | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 36000000 | JPY |
| Current assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 26303000000 | JPY |
| Current assets | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 30229000000 | JPY |
| Property plant and equipment | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1000000 | JPY |
| Property plant and equipment | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1000000 | JPY |
| Intangible assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 7000000 | JPY |
| Intangible assets | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 6000000 | JPY |
| Stocks of subsidiaries and affiliates | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 9102000000 | JPY |
| Stocks of subsidiaries and affiliates | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 9147000000 | JPY |
| Long term loans receivable | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 4400000000 | JPY |
| Long term loans receivable | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 6650000000 | JPY |
| Deferred tax assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 57000000 | JPY |
| Deferred tax assets | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 57000000 | JPY |
| Investments and other assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 13559000000 | JPY |
| Investments and other assets | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 15854000000 | JPY |
| Noncurrent assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 13568000000 | JPY |
| Noncurrent assets | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 15862000000 | JPY |
| Assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 39871000000 | JPY |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 24 of 24 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |