Annual report
3178.TEDINET S100QYSJ
Period2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31
Filed2023-06-20
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks24 of 24 passed
Key figures · 148
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥20.2bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥10.1bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥13.2bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥41.1bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥45.7bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | −¥1.7bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Operating income | −¥4.6bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | −¥1.6bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥3.3bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | −¥4.6bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥37m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.5bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | −¥2.0bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥1.0bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | −¥2.0bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥1.2bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | −¥9.0bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | −¥2.8bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥1.2bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income | −¥2.0bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥1.2bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Total assets | ¥18.0bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥22.9bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥20.1bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥20.5bn | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥28.1bn | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥13.8bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥16.4bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥4.2bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥6.5bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥5.0bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥14.0bn | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥17.4bn | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥7.4bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥10.0bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥7.4bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥10.0bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥6.3bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥3.4bn | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥7.2bn | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥1.0bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥1.9bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | −¥6.7bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | −¥1.8bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥2.2bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥194m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥73m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥247m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥851m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥1.5bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥3.4bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | ¥1.9bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | ¥9.8bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥1.1bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥1.4bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-104.52 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥63.6 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-467.83 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-146.44 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥62.91 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥62.55 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥219.03 | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥336.09 | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥257.85 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥728.5 | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥907.32 | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 23.4% | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 28.3% | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 24.8% | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 68.2% | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 61.8% | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -37.7% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 21.4% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -94.9% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -17.9% | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 7.1% | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 661 | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 697 | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 752 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,102 | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,081 | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Revenue | ¥18.6bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥9.4bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥12.0bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥39.3bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥44.0bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | −¥1.6bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | −¥4.2bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | −¥1.5bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.7bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | −¥4.3bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥450m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.5bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | −¥1.9bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥767m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income | −¥1.9bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥983m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | −¥8.9bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | −¥2.7bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥1.2bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥17.7bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥22.3bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥19.8bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥20.2bn | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥27.8bn | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥13.5bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥16.0bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥4.2bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥6.4bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥5.1bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥14.0bn | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥17.3bn | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥7.0bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥9.5bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-98.46 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥50.93 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-462.05 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-139.7 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥60.6 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥60.25 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥10 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥11.5 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥23 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥219.29 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥330.13 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥263.67 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥730.36 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥901.49 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 23.9% | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 28.5% | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 25.7% | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 69.4% | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 62.1% | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -35.8% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 17.2% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -93.0% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -17.1% | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 6.8% | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 19,340,800 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 19,340,800 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 19,340,800 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 19,340,800 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 19,340,800 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 583 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 608 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 671 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,013 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,016 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
Segments · 6
| Segment | Item | Period | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Otherother segments | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 0 pure |
| Contract Food Businessreportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 70 pure |
| Food And Beveragereportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 485 pure |
| Otherother segments | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 0 pure |
| Contract Food Businessreportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 70 pure |
| Food And Beveragereportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 419 pure |
Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.
All source rows · 1,491
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Independent auditors report consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Audit firm1 consolidated | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)有限責任監査法人トーマツ | |
| Cpa1 audit firm1 consolidated | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)後 藤 英 俊 | |
| Cpa2 audit firm1 consolidated | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)澤 田 修 一 | |
| Key audit matters consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Overview kam consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Short description kam consolidated | FilingDateInstant_Row1Member | Original text (Japanese)MBOのれんの評価 | |
| Reference kam consolidated | FilingDateInstant_Row1Member | Original text (Japanese)連結財務諸表【注記事項】（重要な会計上の見積り）１．MBOのれんの評価 | |
| Description including reason kam consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row1Member | Text · Plus | |
| Auditors response kam consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row1Member | Text · Plus | |
| Short description kam consolidated | FilingDateInstant_Row2Member | Original text (Japanese)店舗等に係る固定資産の減損 | |
| Reference kam consolidated | FilingDateInstant_Row2Member | Original text (Japanese)連結財務諸表【注記事項】（重要な会計上の見積り）２．店舗等に係る固定資産の減損 | |
| Description including reason kam consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row2Member | Text · Plus | |
| Auditors response kam consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row2Member | Text · Plus | |
| Short description kam consolidated | FilingDateInstant_Row3Member | Original text (Japanese)継続企業の前提に関する重要な不確実性の有無についての経営者による判断の妥当性の評価 | |
| Description including reason kam consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row3Member | Text · Plus | |
| Auditors response kam consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row3Member | Text · Plus | |
| Other information consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Independent auditors report non consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Audit firm1 non consolidated | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)有限責任監査法人トーマツ | |
| Cpa1 audit firm1 non consolidated | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)後 藤 英 俊 | |
| Cpa2 audit firm1 non consolidated | FilingDateInstant | Original text (Japanese)澤 田 修 一 | |
| Key audit matters non consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Overview kam non consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Short description kam non consolidated | FilingDateInstant_Row1Member | Original text (Japanese)MBOのれんの評価 | |
| Same as kam for consolidated fskam non consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row1Member | Text · Plus | |
| Short description kam non consolidated | FilingDateInstant_Row2Member | Original text (Japanese)店舗等に係る固定資産の減損 | |
| Same as kam for consolidated fskam non consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row2Member | Text · Plus | |
| Short description kam non consolidated | FilingDateInstant_Row3Member | Original text (Japanese)継続企業の前提に関する重要な不確実性の有無についての経営者による判断の妥当性の評価 | |
| Same as kam for consolidated fskam non consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant_Row3Member | Text · Plus | |
| Other information non consolidated (text) | FilingDateInstant | Text · Plus | |
| Number of submission | FilingDateInstant | 1 | |
| Net sales (5-year summary) | Prior4YearDuration | 45685494000 | JPY |
| Net sales (5-year summary) | Prior3YearDuration | 41107273000 | JPY |
| Net sales (5-year summary) | Prior2YearDuration | 13229571000 | JPY |
| Net sales (5-year summary) | Prior1YearDuration | 10108369000 | JPY |
| Net sales (5-year summary) | CurrentYearDuration | 20155749000 | JPY |
| Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) | Prior4YearDuration | 2505153000 | JPY |
| Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) | Prior3YearDuration | 36644000 | JPY |
| Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) | Prior2YearDuration | -4553447000 | JPY |
| Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) | Prior1YearDuration | 3252666000 | JPY |
| Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) | CurrentYearDuration | -1635719000 | JPY |
| Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) | Prior4YearDuration | 1205904000 | JPY |
| Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) | Prior3YearDuration | -2812017000 | JPY |
| Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) | Prior2YearDuration | -9004328000 | JPY |
| Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) | Prior1YearDuration | 1227055000 | JPY |
| Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) | CurrentYearDuration | -2016594000 | JPY |
| Comprehensive income (5-year summary) | Prior4YearDuration | 1125497000 | JPY |
| Comprehensive income (5-year summary) | Prior3YearDuration | -2974098000 | JPY |
| Comprehensive income (5-year summary) | Prior2YearDuration | -9064480000 | JPY |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 24 of 24 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |