Annual report
2433.TEDINET S100R5WZ
Period2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31
Filed2023-06-29
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks22 of 22 passed
Amended by S100R9YG (2023-06-29).
Key figures · 153
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥991.1bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Revenue (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥895.1bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Revenue (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥714.6bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Revenue (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥802.6bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Revenue (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥773.5bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Revenue (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥55.4bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥71.6bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥60.4bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥75.7bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥49.6bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥58.1bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥68.7bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥59.2bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥94.7bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | ¥31.0bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥55.2bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥26.5bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥44.9bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥47.2bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥33.5bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥58.9bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Total assets | ¥1.03T | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥1.05T | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥941.1bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥859.9bn | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥902.0bn | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥636.6bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥665.6bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥389.8bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥387.4bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥362.1bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥316.1bn | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥316.4bn | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥163.0bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥184.0bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥159.1bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥180.7bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥176.0bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥163.3bn | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥152.2bn | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥38.0bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥20.9bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥36.2bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥27.4bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥53.5bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥32.8bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥11.3bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥9.8bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | ¥3.4bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥22.8bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥28.8bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥8.7bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥12.8bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥19.4bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥22.0bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥83.16 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥147.7 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥70.92 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥120.3 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥126.64 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥83.16 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥147.68 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥70.91 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥120.29 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥126.39 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥986.05 | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥957.72 | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥884.69 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥774.84 | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥756.73 | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 35.5% | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 34.0% | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 35.1% | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 33.6% | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 31.3% | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 8.6% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 16.0% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 8.5% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 15.7% | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 15.1% | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 27,936 | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 25,522 | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 24,775 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 23,939 | at 2020-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 21,469 | at 2019-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Revenue | ¥46.8bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Operating revenue1 |
| Revenue | ¥32.9bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Operating revenue1 |
| Revenue | ¥36.0bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥36.9bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥33.0bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Operating revenue1 (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥22.6bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥15.5bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥22.3bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥15.7bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥20.5bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥21.5bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥19.4bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥22.9bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥38.5bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income | ¥22.6bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥33.3bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥25.1bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥31.4bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥17.4bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥506.6bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥483.2bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥484.3bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥447.2bn | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥459.3bn | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥216.5bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥190.0bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥290.1bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥293.2bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥289.3bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥258.6bn | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥252.4bn | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥572m | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥363m | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| EPS (basic) | ¥60.68 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥89.2 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥67.33 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥84.18 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥46.64 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥32 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥32 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥30 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥30 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥28 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥786.02 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥784.81 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥774.57 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥692.95 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥676.54 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 57.3% | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 60.7% | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 59.7% | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 57.8% | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 55.0% | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 7.8% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 11.4% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 9.2% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 12.3% | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 7.1% | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 389,559,436 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 389,559,436 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 389,397,652 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 389,146,249 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 388,954,044 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 266 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 260 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 248 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 231 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 216 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
All source rows · 2,066
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Payments from changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in change in scope of consolidation fin cf | Prior1YearDuration | -697000000 | JPY |
| Payments from changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in change in scope of consolidation fin cf | CurrentYearDuration | -1942000000 | JPY |
| Cash dividends paid fin cf | Prior1YearDuration | -11204000000 | JPY |
| Cash dividends paid fin cf | CurrentYearDuration | -12325000000 | JPY |
| Dividends paid to non controlling interests fin cf | Prior1YearDuration | -1473000000 | JPY |
| Dividends paid to non controlling interests fin cf | CurrentYearDuration | -739000000 | JPY |
| Proceeds from share issuance to non controlling shareholders fin cf | Prior1YearDuration | 106000000 | JPY |
| Proceeds from share issuance to non controlling shareholders fin cf | CurrentYearDuration | 107000000 | JPY |
| Other net fin cf | Prior1YearDuration | -21000000 | JPY |
| Other net fin cf | CurrentYearDuration | -11000000 | JPY |
| Net cash provided by used in financing activities | Prior1YearDuration | -8698000000 | JPY |
| Net cash provided by used in financing activities | CurrentYearDuration | -28839000000 | JPY |
| Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents | Prior1YearDuration | 3793000000 | JPY |
| Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents | CurrentYearDuration | 2413000000 | JPY |
| Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalents | Prior1YearDuration | 4654000000 | JPY |
| Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalents | CurrentYearDuration | -21182000000 | JPY |
| Cash and cash equivalents | Prior2YearInstant | 176042000000 | JPY |
| Cash and cash equivalents | Prior1YearInstant | 180697000000 | JPY |
| Increase in cash and cash equivalents from newly consolidated subsidiary cce | Prior1YearDuration | - | JPY |
| Increase in cash and cash equivalents from newly consolidated subsidiary cce | CurrentYearDuration | 8000000 | JPY |
| Decrease in cash and cash equivalents resulting from exclusion of subsidiaries from consolidation cce | Prior1YearDuration | - | JPY |
| Decrease in cash and cash equivalents resulting from exclusion of subsidiaries from consolidation cce | CurrentYearDuration | -441000000 | JPY |
| Cash and cash equivalents | Prior1YearInstant | 180697000000 | JPY |
| Cash and cash equivalents | CurrentYearInstant | 159081000000 | JPY |
| Number of consolidated subsidiaries | CurrentYearInstant | 379 | |
| Number of associates accounted for using equity method | CurrentYearInstant | 62 | |
| Write downs of inventories | Prior1YearDuration | 54000000 | JPY |
| Write downs of inventories | CurrentYearDuration | 78000000 | JPY |
| Cash and deposits | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 363000000 | JPY |
| Cash and deposits | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 572000000 | JPY |
| Operating accounts receivable ca | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1676000000 | JPY |
| Operating accounts receivable ca | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 2483000000 | JPY |
| Short term loans receivable to subsidiaries and affiliates | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 40559000000 | JPY |
| Short term loans receivable to subsidiaries and affiliates | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 38256000000 | JPY |
| Beneficiary right of accounts receivable in trust | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 5628000000 | JPY |
| Beneficiary right of accounts receivable in trust | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 3987000000 | JPY |
| Income taxes receivable | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 3365000000 | JPY |
| Income taxes receivable | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 5750000000 | JPY |
| Prepaid expenses | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1000000000 | JPY |
| Prepaid expenses | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1509000000 | JPY |
| Advances paid | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1724000000 | JPY |
| Advances paid | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1758000000 | JPY |
| Other ca | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 18123000000 | JPY |
| Other ca | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 2097000000 | JPY |
| Current assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 72442000000 | JPY |
| Current assets | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 56416000000 | JPY |
| Buildings and structures | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1652000000 | JPY |
| Buildings and structures | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1446000000 | JPY |
| Accumulated depreciation buildings and structures | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -991000000 | JPY |
| Accumulated depreciation buildings and structures | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -626000000 | JPY |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 22 of 22 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |