Annual report
2139.TEDINET S100R0WY
Period2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31
Filed2023-06-26
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks24 of 24 passed
Key figures · 126
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥8.5bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥7.1bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥6.6bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥189m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥82m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥172m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥121m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | −¥274m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥179m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥124m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | ¥85m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥101m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | −¥368m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥95m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥101m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Total assets | ¥4.6bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥4.0bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥3.9bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥2.7bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥2.2bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.9bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.8bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.7bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.9bn | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.7bn | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥650m | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥468m | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥235m | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Operating cash flow | ¥253m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | −¥6m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | −¥8m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | ¥22m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | ¥41m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥257m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥92m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | ¥197m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | ¥324m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥12.49 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥14.89 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-54.1 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥268.37 | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥260.72 | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥252.48 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 39.9% | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 44.6% | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 44.5% | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 4.7% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 5.8% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -19.6% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 439 | at 2023-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 369 | at 2022-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 374 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Revenue | ¥6.7bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥6.5bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales |
| Revenue | ¥6.1bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥6.9bn | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥7.1bn | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥185m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥70m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥193m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥83m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | −¥275m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | −¥22m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥74m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥182m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥86m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income | ¥115m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥67m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | −¥368m | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | −¥19m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥266m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥3.9bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥3.8bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥3.7bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥3.6bn | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥4.1bn | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥2.1bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥2.0bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.8bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.7bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥1.7bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥2.0bn | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥2.2bn | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.6bn | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥1.6bn | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥175m | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥423m | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | −¥298m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥33m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | ¥100m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | ¥202m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥50m | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥289m | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥16.96 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥9.91 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-54.19 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥-2.8 | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥39.05 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥10 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥5 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥12 | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥266.3 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥254.17 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥250.92 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥297.8 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥328.12 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 46.6% | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 45.8% | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 46.0% | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 56.9% | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 54.5% | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 6.5% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 3.9% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -19.8% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | -0.9% | 2019-04-01 → 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 12.7% | 2018-04-01 → 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,044,000 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,044,000 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,044,000 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,044,000 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,044,000 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 332 | at 2023-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 349 | at 2022-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 357 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 388 | at 2020-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 387 | at 2019-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
Segments · 24
| Segment | Item | Period | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | depreciation | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥1m |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 3 pure |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | revenue | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥391m |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | revenue external | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥391m |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | segment profit | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | −¥5m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | depreciation | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥9m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment profit | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | −¥383m |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | depreciation | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥35m |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 419 pure |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | revenue | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥8.1bn |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | revenue external | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥8.1bn |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | segment profit | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31 | ¥578m |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | depreciation | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥976,000 |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | revenue | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥501m |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | revenue external | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥501m |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | segment profit | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥5m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | depreciation | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥13m |
| Reconciling Itemsreconciling | segment profit | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | −¥341m |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | depreciation | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥27m |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | revenue | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥6.6bn |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | revenue external | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥6.6bn |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | segment profit | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31 | ¥418m |
| Operating Segments Not Included In Reportable Segments And Other Revenue Generating Business Activitiesother segments | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 3 pure |
| Media Advertising Businessreportable segment | employees | at 2023-03-31 | 312 pure |
Segment names come from EDINET member IDs; not yet mapped to a common taxonomy.
All source rows · 1,352
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Equity in earnings losses of affiliates | CurrentYearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember | － | JPY |
| Equity in earnings losses of affiliates | CurrentYearDuration_ReconcilingItemsMember | － | JPY |
| Equity in earnings losses of affiliates | CurrentYearDuration | 29162000 | JPY |
| Amortization of goodwill sga | Prior1YearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E05668-000MediaAdvertisingBusinessReportableSegmentMember | 12723000 | JPY |
| Amortization of goodwill sga | Prior1YearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember | － | JPY |
| Amortization of goodwill sga | Prior1YearDuration_ReconcilingItemsMember | － | JPY |
| Amortization of goodwill sga | Prior1YearDuration | 12723000 | JPY |
| Goodwill | Prior1YearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E05668-000MediaAdvertisingBusinessReportableSegmentMember | 33487000 | JPY |
| Goodwill | Prior1YearInstant_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember | － | JPY |
| Goodwill | Prior1YearInstant_ReconcilingItemsMember | － | JPY |
| Goodwill | Prior1YearInstant | 33487000 | JPY |
| Amortization of goodwill sga | CurrentYearDuration_jpcrp030000-asr_E05668-000MediaAdvertisingBusinessReportableSegmentMember | 28100000 | JPY |
| Amortization of goodwill sga | CurrentYearDuration_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember | － | JPY |
| Amortization of goodwill sga | CurrentYearDuration_ReconcilingItemsMember | － | JPY |
| Amortization of goodwill sga | CurrentYearDuration | 28100000 | JPY |
| Goodwill | CurrentYearInstant_jpcrp030000-asr_E05668-000MediaAdvertisingBusinessReportableSegmentMember | 107897000 | JPY |
| Goodwill | CurrentYearInstant_OperatingSegmentsNotIncludedInReportableSegmentsAndOtherRevenueGeneratingBusinessActivitiesMember | － | JPY |
| Goodwill | CurrentYearInstant_ReconcilingItemsMember | － | JPY |
| Goodwill | CurrentYearInstant | 107897000 | JPY |
| Cash and deposits | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1644726000 | JPY |
| Cash and deposits | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 1616147000 | JPY |
| Notes receivable trade | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 133000 | JPY |
| Notes receivable trade | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | － | JPY |
| Accounts receivable trade | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 774191000 | JPY |
| Accounts receivable trade | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 798936000 | JPY |
| Inventories | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 15372000 | JPY |
| Inventories | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 12235000 | JPY |
| Prepaid expenses | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 27027000 | JPY |
| Prepaid expenses | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 45530000 | JPY |
| Other ca | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 96782000 | JPY |
| Other ca | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 76137000 | JPY |
| Allowance for doubtful accounts ca | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -2840000 | JPY |
| Allowance for doubtful accounts ca | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | -1611000 | JPY |
| Current assets | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 2555393000 | JPY |
| Current assets | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 2547375000 | JPY |
| Buildings net | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 209663000 | JPY |
| Buildings net | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 205700000 | JPY |
| Structures net | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 3454000 | JPY |
| Structures net | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 5889000 | JPY |
| Tools furniture and fixtures net | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 5144000 | JPY |
| Tools furniture and fixtures net | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 6537000 | JPY |
| Land | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 398950000 | JPY |
| Land | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 422435000 | JPY |
| Lease assets net ppe | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 5889000 | JPY |
| Lease assets net ppe | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 2659000 | JPY |
| Other net ppe | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 0 | JPY |
| Other net ppe | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 0 | JPY |
| Property plant and equipment | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 623103000 | JPY |
| Property plant and equipment | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 643222000 | JPY |
| Software | Prior1YearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | 50043000 | JPY |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 24 of 24 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · revenue | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |