Annual report
1966.TEDINET S100W4O2
Period2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31
Filed2025-06-25
StandardJapan GAAP
ConsolidatedYes
Data checks20 of 20 passed
Key figures · 154
| Metric | Value | Period | Scope | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | ¥58.1bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥52.3bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥57.9bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥47.2bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥47.8bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥2.9bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥2.4bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.9bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.4bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.7bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥1.3bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.2bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥2.8bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥2.5bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Income before income taxes |
| Net income (owners) | ¥2.3bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥1.7bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent |
| Net income (owners) | ¥1.6bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥788m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income (owners) | ¥1.1bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Profit loss attributable to owners of parent (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥2.3bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥1.7bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Profit loss |
| Total assets | ¥45.2bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥37.6bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥39.7bn | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥32.6bn | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥31.0bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥24.6bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥20.7bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥20.6bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥16.9bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥16.1bn | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥13.7bn | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥12.4bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥5.2bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥4.2bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and deposits |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥4.9bn | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥4.0bn | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥4.2bn | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥3.1bn | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Cash & equivalents | ¥2.5bn | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Cash and cash equivalents (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | −¥645m | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | ¥1.7bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities |
| Operating cash flow | −¥507m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥1.7bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Operating cash flow | ¥2.1bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in operating activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥2.5bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥1.6bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investment activities |
| Investing cash flow | −¥577m | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥1.0bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Investing cash flow | −¥1.1bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in investing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | ¥4.0bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | −¥562m | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities |
| Financing cash flow | ¥1.9bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥254m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| Financing cash flow | −¥1.0bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net cash provided by used in financing activities (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥362.01 | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥263.62 | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥257.96 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥122.38 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥164.48 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥113.47 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥54.32 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥67.19 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥2,764.84 | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥2,617.87 | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥2,301.96 | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,937.63 | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,724.42 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 44.9% | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 44.0% | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 39.8% | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 41.3% | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 39.1% | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 12.5% | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 10.3% | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 11.3% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 6.2% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 9.0% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 1,694 | at 2025-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,718 | at 2024-03-31 | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,726 | at 2023-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,709 | at 2022-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,656 | at 2021-03-31d | Cons. | Number of employees |
| Revenue | ¥48.6bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥43.9bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥50.8bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥41.9bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Revenue | ¥44.2bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net sales (5-year summary) |
| Operating income | ¥2.7bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Operating income | ¥1.9bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Operating income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.7bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥1.9bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Ordinary income |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.2bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥1.4bn | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Ordinary income | ¥2.2bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Ordinary income loss (5-year summary) |
| Profit before tax | ¥2.6bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Profit before tax | ¥1.8bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Income before income taxes |
| Net income | ¥2.2bn | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥1.2bn | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Profit loss |
| Net income | ¥1.4bn | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥763m | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Net income | ¥1.2bn | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net income loss (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥39.7bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥32.4bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Assets |
| Total assets | ¥35.4bn | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥29.3bn | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total assets | ¥28.5bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total assets (5-year summary) |
| Total liabilities | ¥23.6bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Total liabilities | ¥19.6bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Liabilities |
| Net assets / equity | ¥16.1bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥12.8bn | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥13.1bn | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets |
| Net assets / equity | ¥11.7bn | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Net assets / equity | ¥11.0bn | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets (5-year summary) |
| Cash and deposits | ¥2.0bn | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| Cash and deposits | ¥619m | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Cash and deposits |
| EPS (basic) | ¥348.67 | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥191.99 | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥218.77 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥118.36 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (basic) | ¥187.06 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Basic earnings loss per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥96.38 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥52.57 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| EPS (diluted) | ¥76.3 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Diluted earnings per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥70 | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥50 | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥10 | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥10 | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Dividend per share | ¥10 | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Dividend paid per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥2,192.24 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥2,018.76 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,878.9 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,662.9 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Net assets per share | ¥1,542.82 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Net assets per share (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 40.5% | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 39.4% | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 37.0% | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 40.0% | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| Equity ratio | 38.5% | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Equity to asset ratio (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 15.4% | 2024-04-01 → 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 9.4% | 2023-04-01 → 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 11.3% | 2022-04-01 → 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 6.7% | 2021-04-01 → 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| ROE | 11.1% | 2020-04-01 → 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Rate of return on equity (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,334,000 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,220,000 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,220,000 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,220,000 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Shares issued | 7,220,000 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Total number of issued shares (5-year summary) |
| Employees | 1,324 | at 2025-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,349 | at 2024-03-31 | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,383 | at 2023-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,385 | at 2022-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
| Employees | 1,375 | at 2021-03-31d | Standalone | Number of employees |
Periods use the dates stated in the filing. d = earlier-year period dated by calendar; v = that date confirmed by the company's own earlier filing.
All source rows · 1,606
| Item | Context | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Notes regarding dividend (text) | Prior1YearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding issued shares and treasury shares (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding new share subscription rights etc (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding dividend (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Reconciliation of ending balance of cash and cash equivalents with account balances per balance sheet (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes leases consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes financial instruments consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes securities consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes retirement benefits consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes tax effect accounting consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes revenue recognition consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes segment information etc consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Description of fact that companys business comprises single segment | CurrentYearDuration | Original text (Japanese)当社グループは、プラント事業並びにこれらの付帯業務の単一セグメントであるため、記載を省略しております。 | |
| Information for each product or service (text) | Prior1YearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Revenues from external customers information for each region (text) | Prior1YearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Property plant and equipment information for each region (text) | Prior1YearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Information for each of main customers (text) | Prior1YearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Information for each product or service (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Revenues from external customers information for each region (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Property plant and equipment information for each region (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Information for each of main customers (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes related parties consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes per share information consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes significant events after reporting period consolidated financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Annexed consolidated detailed schedule of borrowings (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Annexed consolidated detailed schedule of asset retirement obligations (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Other information consolidated financial statements etc (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Balance sheet (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Statement of income (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Detailed schedule of cost of sales (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Statement of changes in equity (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes significant accounting policies financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Significant accounting estimates financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes changes in accounting policies in accordance with changes in accounting standards etc financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding pledged assets (text) | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding guarantee obligations (text) | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding trade notes receivable discounted or transferred by endorsement (text) | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Debtors notes regarding overdraft contracts and or loan commitments (text) | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding promissory notes due on balance sheet date (text) | CurrentYearInstant_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding non operating income and non operating expenses incurred from transactions with affiliated entities (text) | CurrentYearDuration_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding gain on sales of property plant and equipment (text) | CurrentYearDuration_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding loss on sales of property plant and equipment (text) | CurrentYearDuration_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Notes regarding loss on disposal of property plant and equipment (text) | CurrentYearDuration_NonConsolidatedMember | Text · Plus | |
| Notes securities financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes tax effect accounting financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes revenue recognition financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Notes significant events after reporting period financial statements (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Annexed detailed schedule of securities (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Annexed detailed schedule of property plant and equipment etc (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus | |
| Annexed detailed schedule of provisions (text) | CurrentYearDuration | Text · Plus |
Every row of the EDINET CSV. Item names are the XBRL element names; filed text is kept in its original Japanese. Filed text is available on Plus and Pro.
Data checks · 20 of 20 passed
| balance sheet identity | pass |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| balance sheet identity | pass rounding |
| dei present | pass |
| period resolution | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · net income attributable to parent | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · operating cash flow | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |
| statement vs summary · total assets | pass |